Table 3.
Adjusted mean levels of risk factors* among black participants in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2)
| P value†, | P value†, | P value†, | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vegetarian/vegan | Pesco-vegetarian | Non-vegetarian | vegetarian/vegan v. pesco-vegetarian | vegetarian/vegan v. non-vegetarian | pesco-vegetarian v. non-vegetarian | |
| A. Not adjusted for BMI | ||||||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 119·8 | 123·5 | 121·1 | 0·25 | 0·57 | 0·43 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74·3 | 75·8 | 74·9 | 0·44 | 0·67 | 0·62 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | 82·6 | 90·7 | 89·9 | 0·004 | 0·0003 | 0·75 |
| TC (mg/dl) | 177·6 | 183·7 | 187·6 | 0·29 | 0·013 | 0·46 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 110·9 | 119·1 | 120·5 | 0·14 | 0·014 | 0·77 |
| BMI (kg/m2), females | 27·8 | 28·3 | 31·1 | 0·72 | 0·0004 | 0·018 |
| BMI (kg/m2), males | 26·9 | 27·2 | 30·7 | 0·84 | 0·0007 | 0·012 |
| BMI (kg/m2), both sexes | 27·3 | 27·6 | 30·7 | 0·74 | <·0001 | 0·0006 |
| WC (cm), females | 88·1 | 89·0 | 95·6 | 0·75 | 0·0004 | 0·017 |
| WC (cm), males | 95·5 | 94·7 | 103·5 | 0·82 | 0·0035 | 0·0093 |
| WC (cm), both sexes | 91·6 | 91·6 | 99·2 | 0·99 | <0·0001 | 0·0003 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 51·5 | 49·9 | 49·4 | 0·47 | 0·18 | 0·80 |
| TAG (mg/dl) | 101·8 | 100·6 | 104·7 | 0·89 | 0·64 | 0·59 |
| B. Adjusted for BMI | ||||||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 121·1 | 124·6 | 120·8 | 0·29 | 0·88 | 0·21 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 75·3 | 76·6 | 74·7 | 0·51 | 0·66 | 0·29 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | 84·8 | 91·9 | 90·4 | 0·019 | 0·0090 | 0·60 |
| TC (mg/dl) | 178·0 | 184·2 | 187·5 | 0·29 | 0·021 | 0·53 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 111·6 | 119·8 | 120·3 | 0·14 | 0·027 | 0·92 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 50·2 | 48·6 | 49·9 | 0·47 | 0·86 | 0·51 |
| TAG (mg/dl) | 105·9 | 104·7 | 103·3 | 0·89 | 0·68 | 0·85 |
BP, blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL-cholesterol; WC, waist circumference; HDL-C, HDL-cholesterol.
*
Among participants not on medication for that particular risk factor (applies to hypertension, diabetes and lipids), adjusted for age, gender (as appropriate), education, sub-study indicator, physical activity and BMI as indicated.
†P values test the null hypotheses of no difference between the pairs of dietary groups indicated.