Figure 5. Phosphorylation regulates CES activity.

(a) The LUC reporter construct shown was transiently expressed in protoplasts generated from haf bee1 bee3 plant either alone (0) or with the effectors CES, CES^S75A+S77A, CES^S75E+S77E, CES^K72R, CES^T35A or CES^T35E. The y-axis is fold increase in the ratio between the activities of firefly LUC (under control of the CYP718 promoter) and 35S promoter driven control Renilla LUC (Ren-LUC). The SD of three independent biological replicates is shown. (b) ChIP experiments with different plants expressing wild-type or mutant CES YFP reporter lines using an α-GFP antibody for CES-YFP precipitation. The enrichment of a G-box containing fragment of the CPD promoter in the antibody containing fraction (as compared to the control without antibody) was quantified by real-time PCR from immuno-precipitated samples. The SD of three biological replicates is shown.