Table 1. Characteristics of the total study population and according to cardiovascular disease status.
| Parameters | Group | |||
| n | 4627 | |||
| Sex, % females (n) | 47.6 (2202) | |||
| CVD and risk factors, %yes (n) | 23.2 (1332) | |||
| MI, %yes (n) | 2.6 (121) | |||
| Stroke, %yes (n) | 1.4 (65) | |||
| Hypertension, %yes (n) | 19.5 (903) | |||
| Hypercholesterolemia, %yes (n) | 14.6 (674) | |||
| CVD | CVD risk factors | Controls | P-value | |
| n | 179 | 1153 | 3295 | – |
| Sex, % females (n) | 9.5 (17)* , ** | 36.5 (421)* | 53.5 (1764) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 62.9 (±8.3)* , ** | 59.6 (±8.8)* | 51.6 (±13.0) | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 176.4 (±7.3)* , ** | 174.4 (±8.8) | 174.5 (±9.1) | 0.020 |
| ABSI (m11/6⋅kg−2/3) | 0.084 (±0.005)* , ** | 0.082 (±0.005)* | 0.081 (±0.006) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg⋅m−2) | 26.2 (±3.0)* , ** | 25.6 (±3.1)* | 24.4 (±3.0) | <0.001 |
| BRI | 4.5 (±1.1)* , ** | 4.2 (±1.1)* | 3.7 (±1.2) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 81.6 (±11.5)* , ** | 78.1 (±13.1)* | 74.5 (±12.6) | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 97.9 (±9.0)* , ** | 94.4 (±10.3)* | 89.8 (±11.0) | <0.001 |
| Norm PA (%yes [n]) | 66.5 (119) | 67.4 (777)* | 59.2 (1949) | <0.001 |
| Smoking (%yes [n]) | 71.5 (128)* , ** | 61.6 (710)* | 49.5 (1631) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: ABSI, A Body Shape Index; BRI, Body Roundness Index; BMI, Body Mass Index; MI, Myocardial Infarction; norm PA, norm physical activity;
Data presented as mean (SD) or proportion (number).
*significantly different from ‘Controls’;
** significantly different from ‘ CVD risk factors’.