Comparison 3. Social problem-solving therapy with psychoeducation versus TAU.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Social functioning: mean social functioning scores (high = poor); SFQ; at 6 months	1	17	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−1.60 [−5.43, 2.23]
2 Other: social problem-solving ability; mean overall scores (high = good); SPSI; at 6 months	1	16	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.18 [−2.57, 2.93]
3 Anger: mean anger expression index scores (high = poor); STAXI-2; at 6 months	1	14	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	−1.74 [−12.64, 9.16]
4 Impulsivity: mean impulsiveness scores (high = poor); BIS; at 6 months	1	14	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	6.58 [−4.81, 17.97]
5 Other: shame; mean overall shame scores (high = poor); ESS; at 6 months	1	14	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	14.64 [−12.70, 41. 98]
6 Other: dissociation; mean dissociation scores (high = poor); DES: at 6 months	1	13	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	4.30 [−21.19, 29.79]
7 Leaving the study early	1	24	Odds Ratio (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.19 [0.20, 6.99]