Methods	Allocation: random, 33 participants were assigned to a three-arm randomisation (1:1:1, blocks of 15) and 18 participants with a history of adverse experiences with haloperidol were assigned to a two-arm randomisation (1:1) for risperidone and olanzapine only. Blindness: double, no further details. Duration: 8 weeks. Design: parallel. Location: multicentre.
Participants	Diagnosis: (DSM-IV) schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. N = 51. Sex: 43 M, 8 F. Age: 18-60 years (mean = 48.8 years). History: duration ill not reported, age at onset not reported. Setting: not reported.
Interventions	Haloperidol: fixed dose: 8 mg/day. N = 11. Olanzapine: fixed dose: 15 mg/day. N = 21. Risperidone: fixed dose: 4 mg/day. N = 19.
Outcomes	Neurological functioning: Prepulse inhibition, EMG.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors’ judgement	Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear risk	Random, 33 participants were assigned to a three-arm randomisation (1:1:1, blocks of 15) and 18 participants with a history of adverse experiences with haloperidol were assigned to a two-arm randomisation (1:1) for risperidone and olanzapine only
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	No further details.
Blinding? subjective outcomes	Unclear risk	Double, no further details. Whether blinding was successful has not been examined, but the compounds differ quite substantially in side effects. This can be a problem for blinding
Blinding? objective outcomes	Low risk	Objective outcomes such as laboratory measures or death are unlikely to have been much affected by problems of blinding
Incomplete outcome data addressed? All outcomes	High risk	Data on leaving the study early were not available.
Free of selective reporting?	High risk	Efficay outcomes such as the general mental state (PANSS total score) were not presented
Free of other bias?	High risk	The study was sponsored by the manufacturer of risperidone.