TABLE 3.
Odds ratios from multinomial logistic regression analyses assessing associations between selected characteristics and women’s use of sterilization or other methods, rather than LARC methods, by country
| Characteristic | United States | Australia | Austria | Bulgaria | France | Georgia | Germany | Romania | Russia | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | Sterili- zation |
Other | |
| Age | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | |||||||||
| 18–29(ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 30–34 | 1.88 | 0.83 | 6.06** | 2.12 | 1.95 | 0.87 | 1.38 | 0.73 | 3.13 | 0.32*** | 2.36* | 0.91 | 3.15 | 0.26** | 2.06 | 0.75 | 1.15 | 0.76 |
| 35–39 | 3.04*** | 0.49* | 9.41** | 1.21 | 3.18* | 0.55** | 1.81 | 0.55** | 3.02 | 0.18*** | 3.48** | 0.81 | 5.05 | 0.29** | 1.65 | 0.58* | 4.22** | 0.58** |
| 40–44 | 10.66*** | 1.39 | 34.73*** | 2.96 | 4.53** | 0.49** | 5.37** | 0.60* | 15.05* | 0.16*** | 5.88*** | 0.72 | 10.70** | 0.37* | 5.33** | 1.23 | 7.03*** | 0.73 |
| Parity | *** | *** | *** | ** | ** | * | ||||||||||||
| 0–1 (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 | 1.71 | 0.43** | 0.39 | 0.12*** | 1.77 | 0.47*** | 0.70 | 0.97 | 0.32* | 0.34*** | 0.44* | 0.62 | 0.96 | 0.53* | 1.50 | 0.67 | 1.12 | 0.73* |
| ≥3 | 4.88*** | 0.81 | 1.63 | 0.23* | 3.89*** | 0.58* | 0.70 | 1.14 | 0.30* | 0.37** | 0.35* | 0.54* | 1.10 | 0.42* | 1.82 | 0.57 | 0.74 | 0.68 |
| Early child bearing | *** | * | * | ** | * | |||||||||||||
| At age 15–19 | 0.79 | 0.33** | 1.11 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 0.92 | 0.68 | 0.81 | 1.99 | 0.89 | 0.74 | 0.48** | 1.91* | 1.15 | 0.49 | 0.71 | 1.10 | 0.66* |
| At age 20–24 | 1.04 | 0.46** | 2.43 | 1.20 | 1.66 | 1.06 | 0.68 | 0.56** | 1.51 | 0.47* | 0.95 | 0.43** | 6.87** | 2.98 | 0.62 | 0.69 | 1.42 | 0.54** |
| No early birth (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Union status | *** | |||||||||||||||||
| Married (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Cohabiting | 0.84 | 1.28 | 0.12*** | 0.28** | 0.92 | 1.08 | 0.67 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.75 | 1.40 | 1.85* | 0.55 | 0.95 | 4.45 | 7.07 | 1.52 | 1.31 |
| Education | * | *** | ||||||||||||||||
| <high school (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Completed high school | 0.69 | 0.77 | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.73 | 0.81 | 0.26** | 0.35*** | 0.35* | 0.66 | 0.35* | 1.09 | 1.67 | 1.50 | 1.03 | 0.67 | 0.36 | 0.91 |
| Completed college | 0.37* | 0.71 | 0.25* | 0.36* | 0.49 | 0.90 | 0.16*** | 0.29*** | 0.30* | 0.64 | 0.52 | 1.22 | 0.73 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 0.52 | 0.30* | 0.92 |
| Nativity | * | |||||||||||||||||
| Native-born (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | na | na | 1.00 | 1.00 | na | na | 1.00 | 1.00 | na | na | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Not native-born | 0.64 | 1.06 | 0.85 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 1.44 | na | na | 1.01 | 0.71 | na | na | 0.64 | 1.54 | na | na | 0.51 | 1.26 |
*
p<.05.
**
p< .01.
***
p<.001.
Notes: Symbols opposite the names of characteristics indicate significance of associations between characteristics and contraceptive use patterns (based on Wald tests). Analyses for the United States included race and ethnicity; results are not shown. LARC=long-acting reversible contraceptive. ref=reference group. na=not applicable; characteristic was not included because of a lack of variation.