The density of docked vesicles decreased as active zones were enlarged during LTP. (A) The density of docked vesicles per AZ area was correlated with PSD area and unchanged at 5 min after TBS relative to control stimulation (control, r = 0.86, p < 0.0001; LTP, r = 0.83, p < 0.0001; ANCOVA, F(1,327) = 0.37, p = 0.54). (B) By 30 min after TBS, the density of docked vesicles per AZ area remained well correlated with AZ area; however, the density decreased relative to control stimulation (control, r = 0.87, p < 0.0001; LTP, r = 0.79, p < 0.0001; ANCOVA, F(1,430) = 21.7, p < 0.0001). (C) 3D examples of small and large synapses illustrate representative docked vesicle distributions at AZs in the 2 hr control and LTP conditions. Scale cube, 200 nm per side. (D) Docked vesicle density remained well correlated with AZ area but decreased by 2 hr during LTP (control, r = 0.94, p < 0.0001; LTP, r = 0.89, p < 0.0001; ANCOVA, F(1,392) = 34.6, p < 0.0001). Several points were included in the AZ area ≥ 0.4 μm2 and docked vesicle number ≥ 60 categories, including: 5 min control (0.32 μm2, 75; 0.31 μm2, 65) and LTP (0.54 μm2, 55; 0.26 μm2, 62), 30 min control (0.52 μm2, 39) and LTP (0.49 μm2, 15), and 2 hr LTP (0.57 μm2, 59; 0.57 μm2, 69).