Table 4.
Unadjusted prevalence (% with CI) of diabetes and obesity according to types of vegetarian diet consumption in adult Indian population (n = 156,317) aged 20–49 years, NFHS 2005-06
| Characteristics | Type of diets | P for trend values* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vegan | Lacto-vegetarian | Lacto-ovo vegetarian | Pesco-vegetarian | Semi-vegetarian | Non-vegetarian | ||
| Diabetes | 26 [1.0] | 356 [0.9] | 46 [0.9] | 48 [1.4] | 71 [0.9] | 1223 [1.2] | 0.002 |
| N [%], 95% CI | 0.6-1.7 | 0.8-1.1 | 0.6-1.3 | 1.0-2.0 | 0.7-1.1 | 1.1-1.3 | |
| BMI ≥23 kg/m2 | 534 [21.5] | 9722 [26.9] | 1163 [24.9] | 650 [19.5] | 1690 [21.8] | 21380 [22.6] | <0.001 |
| N [%], 95% CI | 19.5-23.7 | 26.3-27.5 | 23.4-26.5 | 17.8-21.3 | 20.7-23.0 | 22.3-23.0 | |
| BMI ≥25 kg/m2 | 286 [11.5] | 5861 [16.2] | 697 [14.9] | 334 [10.0] | 877 [11.3] | 11996 [12.7] | <0.001 |
| N [%], 95% CI | 10.0-13.2 | 15.7-16.7 | 13.7-16.3 | 8.0-11.3 | 10.5-12.2 | 12.4-13.0 | |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 58 [2.3] | 1311 [3.6] | 140 [3.0] | 56 [1.7] | 156 [1.6] | 2269 [2.4] | <0.001 |
| N [%], 95% CI | 1.7-3.2 | 3.4-3.9 | 2.5-3.7 | 1.2-2.4 | 1.2-2.4 | 2.3-2.5 | |
| BMI, mean [±SD] | 20.5 [±4.2] | 21.2 [±4.5] | 21.0 [±4.1] | 20.3 [±3.8] | 20.6 [±4.0] | 20.7 [±4.1] | |
*P for trend values has been obtained from Likelihood ratio test for no difference between the groups for types of vegetarian diet ignoring the correlated data. As the non-vegetarian group was expected to have the highest and the rural group the lowest levels of diabetes and BMI, trend tests were carried out scoring the groups 1 to 5 and using likelihood ratio tests.