Table I.
Characteristics of the Rochester Young Men's Study population according to quartiles of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake.
| Sugar-sweetened beverage |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P-valuea | |
| N | 48 | 45 | 48 | 48 | |
| Median, serving/day | 0.11 | 0.42 | 0.95 | 2.72 | |
| Range | 0–0.2 | 0.2–0.7 | 0.7–1.3 | 1.3–7.5 | |
| Median (IQR) or n (%) | |||||
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 19.6 (19.1, 20.8) | 19.7 (19.0, 20.7) | 19.5 (18.8, 20.5) | 19.1 (18.7, 19.9) | 0.08 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.8 (22.9, 26.6) | 25.3 (22.8, 27.6) | 24.0 (22.6, 25.9) | 24.5 (22.6, 25.3) | 0.26 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 6 (13) | 14 (31) | 15 (31) | 8 (17) | 0.05 |
| TV viewing (hour/week) | 12 (4, 14) | 4 (4, 14) | 14 (4, 20) | 14 (4, 20) | 0.06 |
| Moderate-vigorous exercise, h/w | 8.5 (6.0, 14.5) | 9.0 (5.0, 11.0) | 8.0 (3.8, 13.0) | 8.0 (4.0, 15.0) | 0.29 |
| Total exercise, h/w | 14.0 (8.5, 20.0) | 12.0 (8.0, 18.0) | 13.0 (7.0, 19.5) | 15.0 (8.0, 26.0) | 0.43 |
| Race, n (%) | |||||
| White | 39 (81) | 39 (87) | 37 (77) | 41 (85) | 0.63 |
| Non-White | 9 (19) | 6 (13) | 11 (23) | 7 (15) | |
| Abstinence time, hours | 72.4 (61.6, 134.1) | 65.8 (53.8, 84.5) | 70.5 (52.0, 101.0) | 69.1 (54.9, 98.3) | 0.19 |
| Diet | |||||
| Alcohol, g/d | 8.0 (2.0, 22.2) | 14.4 (5.9, 21.4) | 12.7 (2.6, 28.4) | 14.4 (3.9, 27.1) | 0.38 |
| Caffeine, g/d | 20.6 (7.4, 57.6) | 50.9 (27.4, 135.8) | 70.2 (34.9, 111.3) | 84.9 (58.4, 183.9) | 0.10 |
| Total sugar intake, g/d | 149 (105, 179) | 139 (110, 187) | 143 (118, 193) | 225 (174, 307) | <0.0001 |
| Total carbohydrate, % energy | 48.9 (45.0, 55.8) | 47.9 (44.8, 54.3) | 48.8 (46.2, 52.3) | 52.3 (47.7, 57.2) | 0.02 |
| Total protein, % energy | 18.0 (15.7, 19.7) | 16.3 (14.8, 18.1) | 15.6 (14.4, 17.2) | 14.5 (12.8, 16.7) | <0.0001 |
| Total fat, % energy | 29.3 (25.4, 32.9) | 29.8 (27.9, 32.9) | 31.9 (29.4, 35.4) | 29.5 (27.6, 32.6) | 0.07 |
| Total energy intake, kcal/day | 2536 (2011, 3125) | 2629 (2275, 3246) | 2819 (2057, 3668) | 3460 (2841, 4441) | <0.0001 |
| Prudent pattern scoreb | 0.1 (−0.3, 1.0) | −0.0 (−0.6, 0.3) | −0.5 (−0.8, 0.3) | −0.4 (−0.7, −0.1) | 0.0006 |
| Western pattern scoreb | −0.8 (−1.2, −0.3) | −0.4 (−0.7, 0.3) | −0.0 (−0.5, 0.3) | 0.7 (0.1, 1.4) | <0.0001 |
| Multivitamin users, n (%) | 21 (44) | 10 (22) | 12 (25) | 10 (21) | 0.06 |
| Reproductive history | |||||
| Self-reported history of cryptorchidism, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (7) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 0.22 |
| Testis low in scrotum, n (%) | 41 (85) | 41 (91) | 45 (94) | 46 (96) | 0.32 |
| Genital diseasec, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (9) | 3 (6) | 4 (8) | 0.17 |
| Varicocele, n (%) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | 0.34 |
| Hydrocele, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 0.60 |
IQR, interquartile range.
aFrom Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.
bDietary patterns were constructed by factor analysis as described in Gaskins et al. (2012). A higher score indicates higher adherence to the Prudent or Western dietary pattern.
cIncluding epididymitis, orchitis, prostatitis, urinary tract infection, gonorrhea, genital warts or herpes, chlamydia, torsion of the testes, hypospadia or other diseases of the penis, testicles, urinary tract or scrotum.