Table 4.
Summary of some reported nanoparticles-based optical urea biosensors and the biosensor reported in this work.
| Method | Immobilization Matrix | Linear Range (mM) | Detection Limit (mM) | Response Time (min) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV/Vis spectrophotometric | calcium alginate microspheres | 0.017–10 | 0.017 | 8 | [9] |
| Fluorometric | Sol-gel | 0–10 | - | 0.2 | [10] |
| UV/Vis spectrophotometric | PANI/cellulose polyacetate membrane | 1–10 | 1 | 3 | [11] |
| potentiometric | Urs/MWCNTs/SiO2/ITO | 0.0218–1070 | - | 0.4 | [49] |
| Reflectance spectrophotometric | nBA MPs | 0.00997 | 10 | [74] | |
| Reflectance spectrophotometric | SiO2NPs | 50–500 | 10 | 6 | Present work |