Table 6. Proportion of surviving pups and their sex ratios in relation to dose and parental treatment.
| Drug | Dose (mg/kg) | aFather-only treated | aBoth-parents treated | ||||
| Pups born (n) | Pups Survived (n) | Female to Male ratio | Pups born (n) | Pups Survived (n) | Female to Male ratio | ||
| None | None | 24 | 17 | 8∶9 | |||
| ZDV | 10 | 22 | 7 | 2∶5 | 50 | 27 | 14∶13 |
| 100 | 10 | 8 | 5∶3 | 7 | 7 | 5∶2 | |
| 250 | 4 | 0 | - | 28 | 0 | - | |
| NVP | 5 | 10 | 2 | 0∶2 | 39 | 14 | 8∶6 |
| 50 | 15 | 11 | 9∶2 | 29 | 12 | 7∶5 | |
| 150 | 0 | - | - | 52 | 37 | 22∶15 | |
| bTotal (n) | 61 | 28 | 205 | 97 | |||
Proportion of surviving pups was determined while weaning the pups at age 4 weeks.
ZDV = Zidovudine; NVP = Nevirapine.
Four males from each dose mated five females each to give a total of twenty dams per dose. Ten of these dams were untreated (“father-only” treated groups) while the other ten had received the same dose as the males (“both-parents” treated groups) for 56 days before mating. Harem mating was done by co-housing one male and five females for 10 days without checking for vaginal plugs.
We compared the survival proportion of the treatment groups to that of the untreated control group (70.8%) using the binomial test. The proportions of surviving pups were significantly different for most treatment groups except for that of the ZDV 100 mg/kg at both first and repeat mating; for NVP 50 mg/kg at first mating and for NVP 150 mg/kg at repeat mating.