NOD2+/+ or NOD2−/− mice were given 1% DSS or regular drinking water (DW) for 2 days and lamina propria macrophages were isolated. (A) Fold change in MTF-1, MT-1 and MT-2 mRNA expression compared to DW-treated NOD2+/+ mice (n=3/per group). (B) Representative flow cytometry for intracellular zinc and summary graph of FluoZin-3 (n=6/group)+SEM. (C) Representative western blot for LC3-II expression and quantitative densitometry graphs (n=5/per group)+SEM. (D) Clearance of intracellular S. typhimurium or S. aureus CFU (n=3/group; representative of 2 independent experiments)+SEM. *, p<0.05, **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001.