Table 1.
Age and age-adjusted characteristics by total folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 intake (1st, 3rd and 5th quintiles) over the follow-up period in NHS (1980-2010) and in HPFS (1986-2010)
| Total Folate | Total Vitamin B6 | Total Vitamin B12 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q3 | Q5 | Q1 | Q3 | Q5 | Q1 | Q3 | Q5 | ||
| Mean age(years[SD]) | Women Men |
58 [9] 60 [10] |
59 [9] 61 [10] |
60 [10] 63 [10] |
58 [10] 59 [10] |
60 [9] 62 [10] |
59 [9] 62 [10] |
58 [9] 60 [10] |
59 [9] 61 [10] |
60 [9] 63 [10] |
| Folate from diet (μg/d) | Women Men |
218 [51] 287 [59] |
303 [56] 398 [71] |
339 [104] 448 [139] |
240 [62] 320 [79] |
309 [76] 406 [98] |
311 [93] 404 [120] |
267 [75] 363 [99] |
292 [78] 379 [102] |
314 [93] 407 [119] |
| Folate from supplements (μg/d) | Women Men |
12 [24] 12 [26] |
74 [72] 87 [93] |
373 [215] 470 [227] |
13 [29] 13 [38] |
110 [100] 121 [121] |
267 [253] 359 [281] |
22 [42] 24 [53] |
113 [114] 141 [147] |
282 [256] 344 [288] |
| Vitamin B6 from diet (mg/d) | Women Men |
1 [0.3] 2 [0.4] |
2 [0.3] 2 [0.4] |
2 [0.5] 3 [0.7] |
1 [0.3] 2 [0.3] |
2 [0.3] 2 [0.5] |
2 [0.4] 2 [0.6] |
2 [0.3] 2 [0.5] |
2 [0.4] 2 [0.5] |
2 [0.4] 2 [0.6] |
| Vitamin B6 from supplements (mg/d) | Women Men |
2 [8] 1 [9] |
4 [11] 4 [14] |
12 [24] 20 [36] |
0 [0.1] 0 [0.1] |
1 [0.6] 1 [0.7] |
23 [27] 32 [39] |
2 [8] 1 [10] |
3 [10] 4 [14] |
14 [25] 22 [35] |
| Vitamin B12 from diet (μg/d) | Women Men |
6 [3] 8 [4] |
7 [3] 9 [4] |
7 [3] 9 [5] |
6 [3] 8 [4] |
7 [3] 9 [4] |
7 [3] 8 [5] |
4 [1] 5 [1] |
7 [2] 8 [2] |
9 [4] 12 [7] |
| Vitamin B12 from supplements (μg/d) | Women Men |
1 [6] 1 [6] |
4 [10] 5 [13] |
13 [29] 20 [38] |
1 [5] 1 [5] |
3 [6] 4 [9] |
16 [31] 24 [41] |
0 [1] 0 [1] |
3 [2] 3 [3] |
18 [33] 27 [43] |
| Total caloric intake(kcal/day) | Women Men |
1635 [450] 1921 [559] |
1729 [432] 2045 [553] |
1610 [415] 1892 [520] |
1607 [443] 1865 [533] |
1745 [434] 2076 [556] |
1632 [425] 1929 [534] |
1651 [445] 1928 [541] |
1737 [442] 2049 [556] |
1606 [423] 1898 [527] |
| Alcohol intake(g/day) | Women Men |
6 [10] 12 [16] |
6 [9] 11 [13] |
6 [9] 10 [12] |
6 [10] 12 [14] |
6 [9] 11 [13] |
6 [9] 11 [14] |
7 [10] 11 [15] |
6 [9] 11 [13] |
5 [8] 10 [13] |
| Caffeine intake(g/day) | Women Men |
359 [227] 280 [244] |
312 [208] 221 [203] |
293 [211] 206 [211] |
358 [226] 279 [243] |
309 [207] 217 [202] |
294 [209] 210 [212] |
336 [220] 236 [223] |
316 [210] 231 [212] |
303 [214] 225 [221] |
| Residence in the northern tier(%) | Women Men |
27 16 |
27 17 |
24 15 |
29 17 |
26 16 |
23 15 |
29 16 |
26 16 |
23 15 |
| Scandinavian ancestry(%) | Women Men |
6 12 |
7 11 |
8 10 |
6 11 |
8 12 |
8 11 |
7 10 |
7 12 |
7 11 |
| Family history of glaucoma(%) | Women Men |
13 11 |
14 12 |
14 12 |
13 11 |
14 12 |
14 12 |
13 11 |
14 12 |
14 11 |
| Self-reported diabetes diagnosis(%) | Women Men |
6 6 |
6 6 |
5 6 |
5 6 |
6 6 |
6 6 |
5 5 |
6 6 |
6 6 |
| Self-reported hypertension diagnosis(%) | Women Men |
36 35 |
36 34 |
36 34 |
35 34 |
37 34 |
37 35 |
35 34 |
36 34 |
37 35 |
| Self-reported high cholesterol diagnosis(%) | Women Men |
41 40 |
40 42 |
39 42 |
39 39 |
40 43 |
41 43 |
40 42 |
40 41 |
40 41 |
| Self-reported myocardial infarction(%) | Women Men |
3 6 |
2 7 |
2 6 |
2 6 |
2 7 |
2 6 |
3 7 |
2 6 |
2 6 |
| ≥ 30 pack-years of smoking(%) | Women Men |
23 19 |
15 13 |
14 13 |
22 18 |
14 13 |
15 13 |
19 14 |
16 15 |
16 15 |
| Body mass index(kg/m2[SD]) ≥ 30 (%) | Women Men |
20 13 |
18 9 |
15 8 |
19 12 |
18 10 |
17 9 |
17 9 |
18 10 |
18 10 |
| Mean number of eye exams reported (out of 10) |
Women Men |
5 [3] 5 [3] |
6 [3] 6 [3] |
6 [3] 6 [3] |
5 [3] 5 [3] |
6 [3] 6 [3] |
6 [3] 6 [3] |
6 [3] 5 [3] |
6 [3] 6 [3] |
6 [3] 6 [3] |