Extended Data Table 1.
Sampling Location | Lowest f3(X; Ref1, Ref2) | Lowest f3(X; EEF,
WHG) (Z<0 and Zdiff<3 reported) |
Lowest f3(X; Near
East, WHG) (Z<0 and Zdiff<3 reported) |
Lowest f3(X; EEF,
ANE) (Z<0 and Zdiff<3 reported) |
f4(Stuttgart,
X; Loschbour, Chimp) |
f4(Stuttgart,
X; MA1, Chimp) |
||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X | N | Lat. | Long. | Ref1 | Ref2 | statistic | Z | Ref1 | Ref2 | statistic | Z | Zdiff | Ref1 | Ref2 | statistic | Z | Zdiff | Ref1 | Ref2 | statistic | Z | Zdiff | statistic | Z | statistic | Z |
Abkhasian | 9 | 43 | 41.02 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0053 | −2.9 | Georgian | LaB | −0.0004 | −0.5 | 2.6 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0053 | −2.9 | 0.0 | 0.0020 | 4.2 | −0.0023 | −4.7 | |||||
Adygei | 17 | 44 | 39 | Piapoco | Stu | −0.0073 | −5.9 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0067 | −4.1 | 0.3 | 0.0013 | 2.6 | −0.0029 | −6.0 | ||||||||||
Albanian | 6 | 41.33 | 19.83 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0121 | −7.0 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0090 | −9.1 | 1.7 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0121 | −7.0 | 0.0 | −0.0009 | −1.8 | −0.0027 | −5.4 | |||||
Armenian | 10 | 40.19 | 44.55 | GujaratiC | Stu | −0.0070 | −8.2 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0068 | −4.1 | 0.1 | 0.0022 | 4.5 | −0.0016 | −3.3 | ||||||||||
Ashkenazi_Jew | 7 | 52.23 | 21.02 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0057 | −3.4 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0042 | −4.7 | 1.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0057 | −3.4 | 0.0 | 0.0008 | 1.7 | −0.0010 | −2.0 | |||||
Balkar | 10 | 43.48 | 43.62 | Piapoco | Stu | −0.0113 | −8.9 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0092 | −5.5 | 1.1 | 0.0014 | 2.9 | −0.0027 | −5.6 | ||||||||||
Basque | 29 | 43.04 | −0.65 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0083 | −10.3 | Stu | Los | −0.0061 | −3.8 | 1.3 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0083 | −10.3 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0041 | −2.4 | 2.2 | −0.0034 | −7.2 | −0.0032 | −6.7 |
BedouinA | 25 | 31 | 35 | Esan | Stu | −0.0162 | −18.2 | 0.0062 | 13.0 | 0.0026 | 5.4 | |||||||||||||||
BedouinB | 19 | 31 | 35 | Esan | Stu | 0.0089 | 7.8 | 0.0046 | 9.3 | 0.0019 | 3.9 | |||||||||||||||
Belarusian | 10 | 53.92 | 28.01 | Georgian | Los | −0.0133 | −17.6 | Georgian | Los | −0.0133 | −17.6 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0102 | −6.1 | 1.9 | −0.0035 | −6.9 | −0.0042 | −8.6 | |||||
Bergamo | 12 | 46 | 10 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0106 | −6.2 | Stu | Los | −0.0068 | −4.2 | 1.7 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0100 | −11.9 | 0.3 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0106 | −6.2 | 0.0 | −0.0018 | −3.9 | −0.0028 | −5.8 |
Bulgarian | 10 | 42.16 | 24.74 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0130 | −8.2 | Stu | LaB | −0.0074 | −4.5 | 2.8 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0106 | −12.4 | 1.5 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0130 | −8.2 | 0.0 | −0.0012 | −2.5 | −0.0028 | −5.9 |
Chechen | 9 | 43.33 | 45.65 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0056 | −3.2 | Georgian | Los | −0.0002 | −0.3 | 2.8 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0056 | −3.2 | 0.0 | 0.0011 | 2.3 | −0.0031 | −6.2 | |||||
Croatian | 10 | 43.51 | 16.45 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0114 | −6.7 | Stu | Los | −0.0065 | −3.8 | 2.1 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0112 | −13.0 | 0.2 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0114 | −6.7 | 0.0 | −0.0023 | −4.7 | −0.0035 | −7.4 |
Cypriot | 8 | 35.13 | 33.43 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0057 | −3.2 | Yemenite_Jew | Los | −0.0013 | −1.5 | 2.5 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0057 | −3.2 | 0.0 | 0.0019 | 3.9 | −0.0012 | −2.5 | |||||
Czech | 10 | 50.1 | 14.4 | Georgian | Los | −0.0137 | −17.9 | Stu | Los | −0.0088 | −5.3 | 3.0 | Georgian | Los | −0.0137 | −17.9 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0121 | −7.2 | 0.9 | −0.0032 | −6.6 | −0.0040 | −8.2 |
Druze | 39 | 32 | 35 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0024 | −1.5 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0024 | −1.5 | 0.0 | 0.0028 | 5.9 | −0.0006 | −1.3 | ||||||||||
English | 10 | 50.75 | −2.09 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0129 | −14.8 | Stu | Los | −0.0090 | −5.5 | 2.2 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0129 | −14.8 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0125 | −7.4 | 0.1 | −0.0032 | −6.5 | −0.0041 | −8.5 |
Estonian | 10 | 58.54 | 24.89 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0124 | −15.1 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0124 | −15.1 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0094 | −5.6 | 1.9 | −0.0043 | −8.5 | −0.0051 | −10.1 | |||||
Finnish | 7 | 60.2 | 24.9 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0102 | −11.3 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0102 | −11.3 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0078 | −4.4 | 1.4 | −0.0035 | −6.9 | −0.0045 | −9.1 | |||||
French | 25 | 46 | 2 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0131 | −8.4 | Stu | Los | −0.0098 | −6.3 | 1.5 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0129 | −16.8 | 0.2 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0131 | −8.4 | 0.0 | −0.0027 | −5.6 | −0.0036 | −7.7 |
French_South | 7 | 43.44 | −0.62 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0095 | −9.5 | Stu | LaB | −0.0089 | −5.0 | 0.3 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0095 | −9.5 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0086 | −4.8 | 0.4 | −0.0030 | −6.2 | −0.0031 | −6.2 |
Georgian | 10 | 42.5 | 41.85 | GujaratiC | Stu | −0.0036 | −4.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0036 | −2.1 | −0.2 | 0.0020 | 4.2 | −0.0019 | −3.9 | ||||||||||
Georgian_Jew | 7 | 41.72 | 44.78 | GujaratiC | Stu | −0.0009 | −0.9 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0002 | −0.1 | 0.3 | 0.0022 | 4.3 | −0.0017 | −3.4 | ||||||||||
Greek | 20 | 39.84 | 23.17 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0118 | −7.4 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0080 | −11.1 | 2.3 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0118 | −7.4 | 0.0 | −0.0004 | −0.9 | −0.0026 | −5.6 | |||||
Hungarian | 20 | 47.49 | 19.08 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0133 | −8.4 | Stu | Los | −0.0087 | −5.6 | 2.2 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0127 | −15.9 | 0.4 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0133 | −8.4 | 0.0 | −0.0025 | −5.3 | −0.0037 | −7.8 |
Icelandic | 12 | 64.13 | −21.93 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0121 | −15.6 | Stu | Los | −0.0078 | −4.8 | 2.7 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0121 | −15.6 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0097 | −5.9 | 1.5 | −0.0038 | −7.7 | −0.0043 | −8.9 |
Iranian | 8 | 35.59 | 51.46 | Piapoco | Stu | −0.0094 | −7.2 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0087 | −5.2 | 0.4 | 0.0031 | 6.3 | −0.0016 | −3.2 | ||||||||||
Iranian_Jew | 9 | 35.7 | 51.42 | GujaratiC | Stu | −0.0018 | −2.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0012 | −0.6 | 0.2 | 0.0028 | 5.7 | −0.0011 | −2.2 | ||||||||||
Iraqi_Jew | 6 | 33.33 | 44.42 | Vishwabrahmin | Stu | −0.0026 | −2.6 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0009 | −0.5 | 0.9 | 0.0030 | 6.1 | −0.0005 | −1.0 | ||||||||||
Jordanian | 9 | 32.05 | 35.91 | Esan | Stu | −0.0145 | −14.3 | 0.0048 | 9.6 | 0.0014 | 2.8 | |||||||||||||||
Kumyk | 8 | 43.25 | 46.58 | Piapoco | Stu | −0.0111 | −8.2 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0109 | −6.5 | 0.1 | 0.0015 | 3.1 | −0.0028 | −5.7 | ||||||||||
Lebanese | 8 | 33.82 | 35.57 | Esan | Stu | −0.0105 | −9.4 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0068 | −3.9 | 1.9 | 0.0038 | 7.7 | 0.0002 | 0.4 | ||||||||||
Lezgin | 9 | 42.12 | 48.18 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0100 | −6.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0100 | −6.0 | 0.0 | 0.0013 | 2.7 | −0.0037 | −7.5 | ||||||||||
Libyan_Jew | 9 | 32.92 | 13.18 | Esan | Stu | −0.0051 | −4.4 | Stu | MA1 | 0.0000 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 0.0030 | 6.2 | 0.0004 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
Lithuanian | 10 | 54.9 | 23.92 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0119 | −14.9 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0119 | −14.9 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0069 | −3.9 | 2.8 | −0.0045 | −9.0 | −0.0048 | −9.9 | |||||
Maltese | 8 | 35.94 | 14.38 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0086 | −4.9 | Yemenite_Jew | Los | −0.0051 | −6.0 | 2.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0086 | −4.9 | 0.0 | 0.0013 | 2.7 | −0.0011 | −2.3 | |||||
Mordovian | 10 | 54.18 | 45.18 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0115 | −14.4 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0115 | −14.4 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0113 | −6.6 | 0.3 | −0.0028 | −5.5 | −0.0044 | −9.0 | |||||
Moroccan_Jew | 6 | 34.02 | −6.84 | Esan | Stu | −0.0062 | −5.2 | Yemenite_Jew | Los | −0.0021 | −2.2 | 2.9 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0032 | −1.7 | 1.4 | 0.0021 | 4.3 | −0.0001 | −0.1 | |||||
North_Ossetian | 10 | 43.02 | 44.65 | Piapoco | Stu | −0.0093 | −7.2 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0076 | −4.4 | 1.0 | 0.0014 | 2.9 | −0.0028 | −5.6 | ||||||||||
Norwegian | 11 | 60.36 | 5.36 | Georgian | Los | −0.0120 | −14.8 | Georgian | Los | −0.0120 | −14.8 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0093 | −5.4 | 1.4 | −0.0035 | −7.3 | −0.0042 | −8.7 | |||||
Orcadian | 13 | 59 | −3 | Armenian | Los | −0.0102 | −13.4 | Stu | Los | −0.0059 | −3.6 | 2.5 | Armenian | Los | −0.0102 | −13.4 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0098 | −5.9 | 0.5 | −0.0032 | −6.7 | −0.0042 | −8.6 |
Palestinian | 38 | 32 | 35 | Esan | Stu | −0.0120 | −13.2 | 0.0047 | 10.2 | 0.0014 | 3.1 | |||||||||||||||
Russian | 22 | 61 | 40 | Chukchi | Los | −0.0119 | −11.3 | Abkhasian | Los | −0.0119 | −17.1 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0106 | −6.6 | 0.8 | −0.0030 | −6.2 | −0.0046 | −9.4 | |||||
Sardinian | 27 | 40 | 9 | Stu | LaB | −0.0044 | −2.6 | Stu | LaB | −0.0044 | −2.6 | 0.0 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0033 | −4.2 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0035 | −2.1 | 0.3 | −0.0016 | −3.4 | −0.0015 | −3.3 |
Saudi | 8 | 18.49 | 42.52 | Kgalagadi | Stu | −0.0042 | −3.6 | 0.0042 | 8.6 | 0.0015 | 3.1 | |||||||||||||||
Scottish | 4 | 56.04 | −3.94 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0103 | −8.3 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0103 | −8.3 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0090 | −4.7 | 0.7 | −0.0034 | −6.4 | −0.0045 | −8.7 | |||||
Sicilian | 11 | 37.59 | 13.77 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0108 | −6.5 | Yemenite_Jew | Los | −0.0066 | −8.1 | 2.4 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0108 | −6.5 | 0.0 | 0.0006 | 1.3 | −0.0015 | −3.2 | |||||
Spanish | 53 | 40.43 | −2.83 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0126 | −17.8 | Stu | Los | −0.0104 | −6.8 | 1.4 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0126 | −17.8 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0120 | −7.6 | 0.3 | −0.0019 | −4.2 | −0.0024 | −5.2 |
Spanish_North | 5 | 42.8 | −2.7 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0112 | −9.9 | Stu | Los | −0.0102 | −5.4 | 0.5 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0112 | −9.9 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0082 | −4.4 | 1.3 | −0.0035 | −6.9 | −0.0032 | −6.4 |
Syrian | 8 | 35.13 | 36.87 | Esan | Stu | −0.0101 | −8.7 | 0.0044 | 8.6 | 0.0012 | 2.4 | |||||||||||||||
Tunisian_Jew | 7 | 36.8 | 10.18 | Gambian | Stu | −0.0026 | −2.0 | 0.0026 | 5.2 | 0.0002 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||||
Turkish | 56 | 39.22 | 32.66 | Piapoco | Stu | −0.0129 | −11.3 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0106 | −6.9 | 1.3 | 0.0018 | 3.8 | −0.0019 | −4.0 | ||||||||||
Turkish_Jew | 8 | 41.02 | 28.95 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0075 | −4.3 | Yemenite_Jew | Los | −0.0049 | −5.8 | 1.4 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0075 | −4.3 | 0.0 | 0.0017 | 3.6 | −0.0006 | −1.3 | |||||
Tuscan | 8 | 43 | 11 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0109 | −6.4 | Stu | Los | −0.0055 | −3.2 | 2.3 | Iraqi_Jew | Los | −0.0092 | −10.1 | 0.9 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0109 | −6.4 | 0.0 | −0.0011 | −2.2 | −0.0024 | −5.0 |
Ukrainian | 9 | 50.29 | 31.56 | Georgian | Los | −0.0134 | −16.7 | Georgian | Los | −0.0134 | −16.7 | 0.0 | Stu | MA1 | −0.0114 | −6.6 | 1.3 | −0.0032 | −6.4 | −0.0041 | −8.5 | |||||
Yemenite_Jew | 8 | 15.35 | 44.2 | Esan | Stu | −0.0027 | −2.4 | 0.0046 | 9.1 | 0.0013 | 2.6 |
Note: Zdiff is the number of standard errors of the difference between the lowest f3-statistic over all reference pairs and the lowest f3-statistic for a subset of reference pairs.
Abbreviations used: Stu: Stuttgart; Los: Loschbour; LaB: LaBrana.