Table 1. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals)a for the relation of body weight in early adulthood and middle-age with future coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in the Harvard Alumni Health Study (N=18995).
| Age-adjustedb | Age- and early adult CHD risk factor-adjustedc | Age- and midlife CHD risk factor-adjustedd | Age- and midlife/early adulthood BMIadjustede | Fully-adjustedf | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of men | 18995 | 15408 | 18019 | 18995 | 14638 |
| Deaths from CHD | 2025 | 1580 | 1797 | 2025 | 1401 |
| Early adulthood (18.4 yr) | |||||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 1.03 (0.88, 1.22) | 1.00 (0.83, 1.21) | 1.13 (0.95, 1.33) | 1.16 (0.98, 1.37) | 1.20 (0.98, 1.46) |
| Normal weight (18.5 - <25 kg/m2) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Overweight(25 - <30 kg/m2) | 1.29 (1.09, 1.51) | 1.35 (1.13, 1.62) | 1.28 (1.08, 1.52) | 1.07 (0.90, 1.27) | 1.12 (0.91, 1.37) |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 1.83 (1.21, 2.76) | 1.84 (1.17, 2.89) | 1.77 (1.14, 2.75) | 1.35 (0.88, 2.05) | 1.21 (0.73, 2.02) |
| p-value for trend | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.07 | 0.93 | 0.90 |
| Per one SD (2.52 kg/m2) increase in BMI | 1.09 (1.04, 1.13) | 1.10 (1.04, 1.16) | 1.09 (1.04, 1.13) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.06) | 1.01 (0.94, 1.07) |
| Middle-age (46.1 yr) | |||||
| Underweight | 0.89 (0.48, 1.65) | 0.81 (0.41, 1.64) | 1.09 (0.59, 2.04) | 0.90 (0.48, 1.68) | 1.02 (0.51, 2.06) |
| Normal weight | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Overweight | 1.25 (1.15, 1.37) | 1.23 (1.11, 1.37) | 1.22 (1.11, 1.34) | 1.22 (1.11, 1.34) | 1.18 (1.06, 1.33) |
| Obese | 1.60 (1.25, 2.03) | 1.72 (1.32, 2.25) | 1.49 (1.15, 1.92) | 1.49 (1.15, 1.92) | 1.54 (1.14, 2.08) |
| p-value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Per one SD (2.55 kg/m2) increase in BMI | 1.19 (1.14, 1.24) | 1.20 (1.15, 1.26) | 1.16 (1.11, 1.21) | 1.18 (1.13, 1.24) | 1.18 (1.12, 1.25) |
a
Hazard ratios obtained from Cox regression
b
Adjusted for age in early adulthood
c
Early adult CHD risk factors include cigarette smoking status (never, past, or current), physical activity (<2, 2 to <5, ≥5 hours per week, or varsity athletics) and blood pressure; sample limited to men with complete data on potential confounders
d
Mid-life CHD risk factors include type 2 diabetes and hypertension sample limited to men with complete data on mediating variables
e
Contains all covariates in prior models
f
Results for early adulthood are adjusted for BMI in mid-life, those for mid-life are adjusted for BMI in early adulthood sample limited to men with complete data on potential confounders and mediating variables