Table 1.

Clinical Variables in Abusive Head Trauma Cases: Comparison between Outcome Groups (N=16)

Clinical variable	Mild/Mod. (n=9)	Severe (n=7)	p value
Intubated no. (%)	3/9 (33.3)	3/7 (42.86)	1.00*
Retinal hemorrhage no. (%)	7/9 (77.78)	4/7 (57.14)	0.60*
Seizures no. (%)	5/9 (55.56)	6/7 (85.71)	0.31*
Non-reactive/sluggish pupils no. (%)	3/9 (33.33)	4/7 (57.14)	0.62*
Cardiopulmonary arrest no. (%)	0/9 (0.00)	2/7 (28.57)	0.18*
Initial GCS, mean (SD)	11.67 (3.00)	8.14 (3.08)	0.05**
Initial serum Na+ (mEq/L), mean (SD)	140.44 (5.13)	142.29 (5.02)	0.46**
Initial blood glucose (mg/dL), mean (SD)	119.00 (28.81)	98.43 (12.74)	0.15**
Initial Hgb level (g/dL), mean (SD)	9.47 (1.42)	9.76 (1.42)	0.92**

Mod, moderate; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; SD, standard deviation; Na+, sodium; Hgb, hemoglobin;

^*By Fisher exact test.

^**By Mann-Whitney U test.

Note: Data for one participant in the Severe Group was unavailable because of inadequate documentation from an outside medical facility.