| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Audini 1994 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Intervention: assertive community treatment versus standard care. |
| Bedell 1989 | Allocation: not randomised, matched controls. |
| Bond 1988 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Intervention: assertive community treatment versus standard care. |
| Bond 1990 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Intervention: assertive community treatment versus 'drop in' centre. |
| Cannon 1985 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Intervention: hospital care versus residential programme. |
| Coelho 1993 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mild to moderate developmental disability, together with a DSM III diagnosis of mental illness. Interventions: intensive case management versus standard care. |
| Connolly 1996 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Crosby 1993 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Cuffel 1994 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Curtis 1998 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people discharged from an inpatient psychiatry service. Intervention: case management, not CMHT. |
| De‐Cangas 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus standard care. |
| Dean 1993 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Dick 1991 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with severe depression or anxiety. Intervention: day hospital versus out patient treatment. |
| Dixon 1997 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mental illnesses. Intervention assertive community treatment, not CMHT. |
| Essock 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus case management. |
| Fenton 1979 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: crisis intervention versus standard hospital care. |
| Ferguson 1992 | Allocation: not randomised, case control study. |
| Ford 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with severe mental illness. Intervention: intensive case management versus standard care. |
| Franklin 1987 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with chronic mental illness. Interventions: case management versus standard care. |
| Friedman 1964 | Allocation: not randomised, series of preliminary project reports |
| Griffiths 1974 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with psychotic illness and work problems. Interventions: rehabilitation unit versus standard care. |
| Hargreaves 2006 | Allocation: unclear. Participants: people with severe mental illness. Intervention assertive community treatment, not CMHT |
| Harrison‐Read 2002 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness and heavy service users. Interventions: enhanced case management/assertive community treatment versus standard CMHT care. |
| Heitger 1995 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Hoult 1981 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: serious mental illness. Interventions: crisis intervention versus standard hospital care. |
| Huf 2002 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mental illnesses requiring IMI. Intervention: medication, not CMHT. |
| Husted 1994 | Allocation: not randomised, repeated measures within subject design. |
| Jerrell 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Intervention: intensive case management versus program of assertive treatment versus standard CMHT. |
| Kluiter 1990 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: day hospital versus standard care. |
| Knapp 1994 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Intervention: assertive community treatment. |
| Kovess 1988 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Krupinski 1984 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Kuldau 1977 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mental illness. Interventions: therapeutic community type approach versus rapid discharge with pre‐discharge planning (both inpatient treatment programmes). |
| Kwakwa 1995 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Lafave 1996 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus hospital based care. |
| Leff 1996 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Linn 1977 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mental illness. Interventions: foster care preparation and placement versus continued hospitalisation. |
| Linszen 2001 | Allocation: unclear. Participants: people with first episode schizophrenia. Intervention: two forms of psychosocial interventions with medication. |
| Littrell 1995 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Locker 1984 | Allocation: not randomised, case control design. |
| Macias 1994 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: case management and psychosocial rehabilitation versus psychosocial rehabilitation. |
| Marks 1994 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus hospital based care. |
| Marshall 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Intervention: case management versus standard care. |
| McClary 1989 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| McCrone 1994 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: community intensive support team versus generic CPN care. |
| Modcrin 1988 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with chronic mental illness. Interventions: developmental aquisition model of case management versus standard case management. |
| Muijen 1992a | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus standard care. |
| Muijen 1992b | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus standard care. |
| Muijen 1994 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Intervention: intensive CPN support versus generic CPN care. |
| Nordentoft 2002 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with a first diagnosis of schizophrenia. Intervention: modified assertive community treatment. |
| Pasamanick 1964 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Intervention: drugs versus placebo, with home care. |
| Paykel 1982 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: CPN care versus standard out patient care. |
| Piper 1993 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mental illnesses. Interventions: day treatment versus no treatment, not CMHT. |
| Polak 1976 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people requiring psychiatric hospitalisation. Interventions: community based therapeutic environments versus standard hospital care. |
| Power 2002 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with early psychosis. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus standard care. |
| Quinlivin 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: serious mental illness. Interventions: intensive case management versus traditional case management versus standard care. |
| Rosenheck 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with a mental illness. Interventions: intensive psychiatric community care versus standard care. |
| Ruphan 1992 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: day hospital treatment versus standard care. |
| Rushton 1990 | Allocation: not randomised, review. |
| Sands 1994 | Allocation: not randomised, case control study. |
| Santiago 1985 | Allocation:randomised. Participants: people with a major mental illness. Interventions: treatment network team versus standard care (inpatient and CMHT). |
| Schene 1993 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people referred for inpatient treatment. Interventions: day treatment versus inpatient care. |
| Sellwood 1999 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: outpatient rehabilitation versus home based rehabilitation, not CMHT. |
| Slavinsky 1982 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people receiving long term psychiatric care. Interventions: nurse lead social support programme versus medication. clinics. |
| Smith 1974 | Allocation: not randomised, matched pairs design. |
| Smith 1975 | Allocation: not randomised. |
| Solomon 1994 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with serious mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus intensive case management versus standard care. |
| Solomon 1995a | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with major mental illness. Interventions: consumer case management versus professional case management. |
| Solomon 1995b | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with severe mental illness. Interventions: assertive community treatment versus forensic intensive case management versus standard care. |
| Solomon 1995c | Allocation: randomised. Participants: major mental illness diagnosis. Interventions: consumer case management versus professional case management. |
| Stein 1975 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with chronic mental illness. Interventions: training in community living case versus standard care. |
| Tyrer 1995 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with vulnerable psychiatric patients. Interventions: care programming approach versus standard follow up. |
| vanMinnen 1997 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with mental retardation and mental illness. Intervention: assertive community treatment versus hospital care. |
| Walsh 2001 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with established psychotic illness. Intervention: intensive case management versus standard case management. |
| Wiersma 1991 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: specialised day centre versus hospital care. |
| Wilkinson 1995 | Allocation: not randomised, cohort study. |
| Wirshing 2001 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: people with schizophrenia. Interventions: two types of psycho‐education programmes. |
| Wood 1995 | Allocation: not randomised, matched group design. |
| Zhang 1994 | Allocation: not randomised, case control study. |
| Zimmer 1985 | Allocation: randomised. Participants: elderly chronically ill / terminally ill. |
ACT‐ Assertive Community Treatment CPN ‐ Community Psychiatric Nurse. CMHT‐ community mental health team. IMI‐ intramusular medication injection.