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. 2003 Jan 20;2003(1):CD004171. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004171

Liu 1993.

Methods Methods of randomisation and allocation concealment were not described.
Participants 40 patients undergoing elective liver resection were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 groups: 
 (1) Fibrin sealant group (n = 20), M/F = 19/1, mean age (+/‐SD) = 55 (13.7) years. 
 (2) Control group (n = 20), M/F = 18/2, mean age (+/‐SD) = 64.5 (9.8) years.
Interventions (1) Fibrin sealant group: at the end of liver resection, when the bleeding had been checked, the raw surface area was measured by first applying a gauze over the cut surface, then measuring the blood tinged gauze. FS was then applied to the raw surface by means of a double‐barrelled syringe then the wound was closed with a Jackson‐Pratt closed system drain left in the subphrenic or subhepatic space. 
 (2) Control group: received no FS treatment.
Outcomes Blood loss (ml) ‐ intra‐operative blood loss. 
 Blood loss (g) ‐ estimated post‐operative blood loss. 
 Drainage (days). 
 Secondary bleeding (n). 
 Pleural effusion (n). 
 Bile leakage (n). 
 Wound infection (n).
Notes  
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation? Unclear risk Method of randomisation was not reported
Allocation concealment? Unclear risk B ‐ Unclear
Blinding? 
 All outcomes High risk Outcomes assessment was not blinded