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. 2014 Sep 23;5:1052. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01052

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Copyright © 2014 Hansen and Pearce.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Bar charts showing mean explicit uncertainty (before outlier exclusion). Significant main effects of complexity as well as interaction effects of expertise-by-complexity were found. The stimuli are distinguished in terms of: entropy (2 levels: high, low) returned when the model uses the stimulus as a context for predicting the next note; and complexity (2 levels: simple, complex) which refers to their musical style. Simple stimuli are isochronous hymn melodies while the complex stimuli are taken from Schubert lieder. Expertise (2 levels: musician, non-musician) refers to the level of musical training of the participants; musicians scored ≥ 33 on the musical training subscale of the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI, v0.9) (Müllensiefen et al., 2011), whereas non-musicians scored ≤ 20 (see Section Participants).