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. 2014 Sep 22;211(10):2033–2045. doi: 10.1084/jem.20140039

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© 2014 Perreau et al.

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Figure 6. — PD-1 expression directly influences CD4 T cell cytokine profile in CVID patients. Blood mononuclear cells from CVID patients (n = 12) were stimulated with bacteria antigen preparations and cytokine production (IL-17A, IL-2, TNF, and IFN-γ) by CD4 T cells from CVID patients with low frequency (<30%; white circles) or high frequency (>30%; black circles) of PD-1 expression was assessed by polychromatic flow cytometry. (A) Proportion of bacteria-specific CD4 T cells producing TNF, IFN-γ, IL-2, and/or IL-17A. All the possible combinations of the responses are shown on the x axis and the percentage of the functionally distinct cell populations within the bacteria-specific CD4 T cell populations are shown on the y axis. The pie chart summarizes the data, and each slice corresponds to the fraction of CD4 T cells with a given number of functions within the responding CD4 T cell population. Statistical analyses of the global cytokine profiles (pie charts) were performed by partial permutation tests using the SPICE software as previously described (Roederer et al., 2011). Bars correspond to the fractions of different functionally distinct T cell populations within the total CD4 T cells. Red stars indicate statistical significance (*, P < 0.05) calculated using a Student’s t test. (B) Correlations between the percentage of PD-1–expressing CD4 T cells and the percentage of TNF-, IFN-γ–, IL-2–, or IL-17A–producing bacteria-specific CD4 T cells (n = 12). Statistical significance (p-values) in B was calculated using Spearman’s rank correlations.