Differences in differentiation and functions of T, B cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in hematopoietic chimeras between the CY and MSC plus Treg-treated groups. Splenocytes were assessed at 6 weeks after allogeneic transplantation. (A) Total mRNA was extracted from spleen cells and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the indicated genes. Data represent the relative amount of target mRNA normalized to β-actin. (B) The following B cell differentiation subsets in the CY and MSCs plus Tregs groups were identified by FACS analysis with antibodies: B cells (B220), immature B cells (IgM+IgD−B220+), mature B cells (IgM+IgD+B220+), IL-10-expressing B cells (mature IL-10+B220+), and memory B cells (IgM−IgD−B220+). (C) The proportions of plasma cells (CD138+B220+) and (E) MDSCs (CD11b+Gr-1+) were determined by FACS as indicated. (D) Serum levels of total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a were measured by ELISA. Data are shown as the mean±SEM; results are representative of three independent experiments. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.