. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2014 Jul 3;122:126–133. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.06.060

Table 1.

Surface characterization of UN-Ti, SA-Ti and SA-CS-Ti. Rz is the maximum height of the micro-pits formed. Surface nitrogen and sulfur contents were calculated from XPS data.

	UN-Ti	SA-Ti	SA-CS-Ti
Average roughness(µm)	0.190±0.007	0.600±0.153^*	0.700±0.053^*
Contact Angle (°)	70.30±0.68	81.58±9.16^*	94.10±4.32^*
Surface Zeta Potential (mV)	−0.81±0.34	5.56±0.51^*	4.15±1.01^*
Surface nitrogen content (%)	2.28 ± 0.48	1.48 ± 0.29	6.08 ± 0.16^*
Surface sulfur content (%)	ND	0.24 ± 0.02^*	0.22 ± 0.02^*

^(*)

denotes significant difference (p<0.05) compared with untreated titanium. ND represents no detection.