Table 2.
Study Covariates for Years Prior to, of, and after Culture Change Introduction—By Nursing Homes with High versus Lower Culture Change Practice Implementation
| Bottom 3 Quartiles - Culture Change Composite Score |
Top Quartile - Culture Change Composite Score |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
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| Year Immediately Prior to Culture Change Introduction |
Year Culture Change Introduction Began |
Year Immediately Following Culture Change Introduction |
Year Immediately Prior to Culture Change Introduction |
Year Culture Change Introduction Began |
Year Immediately Following Culture Change Introduction |
|
|
|
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| mean (sd) | mean (sd) | mean (sd) | mean (sd) | mean (sd) | mean (sd) | |
| Occupancy Rate (%) | 85.6 (13.3) | 85.2 (12.7) | 85.3 (13.1) | 85.2 (15.7) | 85.6 (13.6) | 86.0 (13.2) |
| Resident Payment source | ||||||
| Medicare (%) | 12.8 (11.4) | 13.2 (11.7) | 13.4 (11.2) | 11.7 (11.7) | 12.7 (12.7) | 12.3 (11.5) |
| Medicaid (%) | 60.6 (20.1) | 59.8 (20.4) | 59.9 (20.1) | 56.8 (21.2) | 56.3 (21.2) | 56.4 (20.1) |
| Residents with Dementia | 47.5 (17.3) | 48.0 (17.6) | 47.8 (16.7) | 49.4 (17.7) | 48.9 (17.6) | 50.4 (16.8) |
| (%) | ||||||
| Average ADL indexa | 10.7 (1.2) | 10.7 (1.1) | 10.7 (1.2) | 10.7 (1.0) | 10.7 (1.0) | 10.7(1.1) |
| County Herfindahl indexb | 0.2 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.2) |
ADL = activities of daily living
a
Range of 4 (all facility residents ambulatory and independent in eating, toileting and transferring) to 18 (all facility residents bedfast and totally dependent in eating, toileting and transferring)
b
Range of 0 to 1.0