Table 4.

Multivariate Results of the Association Between the Introduction of Culture Change Involvement and Study Outcomes—By Nursing Homes with High versus Lower Culture Change Practice Implementation

	Bottom 3 Quartiles - Culture Change Composite Score				Top Quartile - Culture Change Composite Score
	N	Coefficien t	SSE	p-value	N	Coefficien t	SE	p-value
Processes
% on bladder training program	607	-0.57	0.670	0.40	217	3.06	1.293	0.02
% on bowel training program	607	-0.28	0.536	0.61	217	0.04	0.941	0.96
% w/ preventive skin care	607	0.26	1.246	0.84	217	0.08	2.172	0.97
% w/ advanced directives	607	0.60	0.949	0.53	217	-0.32	1.524	0.83
% w/ restraints	607	0.11	0.268	0.67	217	-1.06	0.447	0.02
% w/ antipsychotic meds	531	0.33	0.364	0.37	207	0.86	0.575	0.14
% w/ tube feeding	607	0.11	0.136	0.41	217	-0.65	0.241	0.01
Outcomes
% w/ falls in last 30 days	531	0.09	0.320	0.78	207	0.05	0.624	0.94
% w/ pressure ulcers	607	0.31	0.190	0.10	217	-0.63	0.321	0.05
% residents w/ UTI	531	0.72	0.280	0.01	207	-0.06	0.544	0.92
Survey Deficiencies
Health deficiencies	587	−5.26	3.046	0.09	211	−1.87	5.495	0.73
Quality of Life deficiencies	587	−0.10	0.050	0.04	211	−0.12	0.081	0.16
Hospitalizations
Hospitalizations per patient	536	0.03	0.014	0.02	208	−0.04	0.022	0.06
year
30-day rehospitalizations	535	0.31	0.420	0.46	207	1.08	0.760	0.16

UTI = urinary tract infection