Figure 2.

Experimental models for human B lymphopoiesis. Experimental techniques for studying human B lymphopoiesis have incredibly advanced within these two decades. Now several culture systems with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) or without stromal cells are available. For in vivo studies, the generation of humanized mice has been developed after the discovery of severe combined immune-deficient mouse (Scid). NOG, nonobese diabetic (NOD)-Scid mouse with truncation in the IL-2 receptor common gamma chain; NSG, NOD-Scid mouse with deletion in the IL-2 receptor common gamma chain; hTPO knock-in, RAG-2-/- NSG mouse with humanization of thrombopoietin.