Figure 5.

Air puff startle elicits widespread astrocytic Ca²⁺ elevation and cortical blood flow changes. A, Nonbiased sampling of air puff (black boxes) startle-evoked astrocytic Ca²⁺ (Lck-GCaMP6s) signals using a field-wide grid analysis (see Materials and Methods). B, Histogram of astrocytic Ca²⁺ elevation amplitudes following air puff startle (n = 5 mice, 46 stimulus trials). C, Average blood flow changes (blue trace) and astrocyte endfoot Ca²⁺ signals (black trace, Lck-GCaMP6s) following air puff startle, indicated by black bar (n = 5 mice, 46 stimulus trials). Shaded regions in C represent SEM.