Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the overall study population and classified according to the medians of baPWV and maxIMT

Parameters	All patients (n = 1040)	baPWV		maxIMT
		<1550 cm/s (n = 520)	≥1550 cm/s (n = 520)	<1.0 mm (n = 460)	≥1.0 mm (n = 580)
Gender (male,%)	65.0	65.4	64.6	62.6	66.9
Age (years)	58.9 ± 9.6	55.2 ± 10.1	62.5 ± 7.6*	55.1 ± 10.0	61.8 ± 8.2*
Smoking habit	47.9	47.5	48.3	45.0	50.2
Body mass index (kg/m2)	23.9 ± 3.5	24.0 ± 3.9	23.8 ± 3.1	23.8 ± 3.9	24.0 ± 3.2
HbA1c (%)	7.2 ± 1.1	6.7 ± 1.1	6.8 ± 1.1‡	6.8 ± 1.1	6.8 ± 1.2
Duration of diabetes (years)	4.8 ± 4.4	4.2 ± 3.2	5.5 ± 5.2*	4.4 ± 3.2	5.1 ± 5.1‡
Systolic BP (mmHg)	131 ± 17	126 ± 16	137 ± 17*	128 ± 16	133 ± 17*
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	80 ± 11	80 ± 11	81 ± 11	81 ± 11	80 ± 12
Presence of hypertension (%)	73.8	63.1	84.6*	69.9	77.1†
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	188 ± 29	188 ± 29	187 ± 29	188 ± 29	187 ± 29
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	59 ± 16	59 ± 16	58 ± 17	61 ± 18	57 ± 15*
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	106 ± 24	106 ± 23	105 ± 25	104 ± 23	107 ± 24
Triglyceride (mg/dl)	120 ± 89	120 ± 102	121 ± 73	120 ± 100	121 ± 78
Presence of dyslipidemia (%)	70.0	69.4	70.6	69.6	70.3
Serum creatinine (mg/dl)	0.77 ± 0.36	0.75 ± 0.28	0.79 ± 0.43	0.74 ± 0.22	0.79 ± 0.45‡
Framingham risk score (%)	27.4 ± 16.8	21.3 ± 14.3	33.4 ± 17.0*	21.9 ± 14.9	31.7 ± 17.0*
Administration of
Anti-diabetic drugs (%)	70.3	66.3	74.2†	68.7	71.6
Anti-hypertensive drugs (%)	38.8	27.7	49.8*	32.4	43.8*
Anti-hyperlipidemic drugs (%)	40.6	39.6	41.5	40.4	40.7

Data are shown as% or means ± SD.

*p < 0.001 for bivariate comparisons between patients classified according to the medians of the baPWV levels and the maxIMT.

†p < 0.01 for bivariate comparisons between patients classified according to the medians of the baPWV levels and the maxIMT.

‡p < 0.05 for bivariate comparisons between patients classified according to the medians of the baPWV levels and the maxIMT.