. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 24.

Published in final edited form as: Curr Mol Med. 2012 Dec;12(10):1282–1296. doi: 10.2174/156652412803833517

Table 3.

Recent Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials on Systemic Hypothermia for the Management of TBI

Injury Types	No. of Patients	Admission GCS	Hypothermia (°C)	Cooling Length (Hour)	Follow-Up (Month)	Neurological Outcome	Refs.
TBI	232	3–8	33	48	6	Poor outcome (severe disability, vegetative state, or death) in 31 of 52 patients in HT group and 25 of 56 in NT group (RR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.76-1.53; p = 0.67). 12 patients in HT group died compared with eight in NT group (RR 1.30, 95% CI 0.58-2.52; p = 0.52)	[106]
TBI	86	3–8	33–35	103.2	24	Recovery rates were 65.1% in HT group and 37. 2% in NT group (p < 0.05). The mortality rates were 25.6% in HT group and 51.2% in NT group (p < 0.05)	[124]
TBI	392	3–8	33	48	6	57% had poor outcome in both groups. Mortality was 28% in HT group and 27% in NT group (p = 0.79). Patients in HT group had more hospital days with complications	[102]
TBI	91	3–8	34	48	3	No difference in clinical outcome. Significantly greater use of neuromuscular blocking agents (p = 0.011) and higher rates of medical complications (p < 0.05) in HT group	^*[125]
TBI	87	3–8	33–35	72–336	12	Favorable outcome (good recovery or moderate disability) in 20 out of 43 patients (46.5%) in HT group and 27.3% in NT group. Mortality rates were 25.6% in HT group and 45.5% (p < 0.05)	[126]
TBI	82	3–7	32–33	24	12	62% in hypothermia group and 38% in normothermia group had good outcomes (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2–1.2, p = 0.18)	[100]

Explanation of abbreviations can be found in the list of abbreviations.