Table 2.

Multilevel model to show effect of accreditation outcomes on hand hygiene audit rates

Variables	Main model (audits 1–8)			Restricted model (audits 3–8)
	Mean values	Standard error	p Values	Mean values	Standard error	p Values
Full accreditation in both surveys	0.004	0.016	0.809	0.0077	0.016	0.620
High infection control scores in one survey	−0.042	0.020	0.033	−0.029	0.020	0.135
High infection control scores in two surveys	0.021	0.025	0.404	0.033	0.024	0.172
Later cycle (surveys in 2010/2012)	0.024	0.014	0.073	0.0205	0.013	0.123
Hospital peer group* (principal referral=0)
Large	0.024	0.020	0.247	0.0233	0.023	0.244
Medium	0.035	0.017	0.046	0.0343	0.034	0.045
Small	0.078	0.018	<0.001	0.0807	0.081	<0.001
Number of observations	661			563
Number of hospitals	96			96
Average compliance rates	0.741			0.744
Log likelihood	662			634

Bold typeface indicates significance at p<0.05.

*Peer group as defined by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.³⁰