Schematic representation of utilization pathways for N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and GlcNAc-containing molecules in X. campestris pv. campestris. GlcNAc-containing molecules can originate from bacteria (peptidoglycan degradation products [orange]), from insects or fungi (chitooligosaccharides derived from chitin [blue]), or from plants (plant-glycosylated substrates [green]). The GlcNAc utilization pathway (uptake through NagP and catabolism) is depicted in red. Enzymatic reactions are designated by solid arrows, whereas dashed arrows indicate transport. The Nix TBDT(s) proposed to play a major role in the uptake of specific GlcNAc-containing molecules is indicated. OM, outer membrane; PG, peptidoglycan; PP, periplasm; IM, inner membrane; TBDT, TonB-dependent transporter; GlcN, glucosamine; Fru, fructose; GlcNAc-anhMurNAc, N-acetylglucosaminyl-1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramyl.