Table 2.
Comparison of anthropometry and pulmonary function at ∼3 months and 1 year in CF NBS infants and healthy controls (HC)
| 3 months | 1 year | Change over time (1 year–3 months) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CF (n=72) | HC (n=44) | CF−HC* | CF (n=72) | HC (n=44) | CF−HC* | CF: Change 1 year−3 months† | HC: Change 1 year−3 months† | Difference in change‡ CF−HC | |
| Age at test, weeks§ | 11.2 (2.3) | 12.1 (2.1) | −1.0 (−1.8 to −0.1) | 52.4 (5.3) | 53.7 (4.4) | −1.3 (−3.1 to 0.5) | 41.2 (37.3 to 43.1) | 41.6 (38.6 to 43.6) | −0.36 (−2.30 to 1.58) |
| Weight z-score¶ | −0.89 (1.03) | 0.01 (0.97) | −0.90 (−1.27 to −0.52) | 0.32 (0.90) | 0.55 (1.21) | −0.23 (−0.64 to 0.19) | 1.21 (1.02 to 1.40) | 0.54 (0.28 to 0.80) | 0.67 (0.35 to 0.99) |
| Length z-score¶ | −0.21 (1.01) | 0.73 (0.92) | −0.94 (−1.30 to −0.58) | 0.47 (1.01) | 0.76 (1.20) | −0.28 (−0.71 to 0.15) | 0.68 (0.52 to 0.85) | 0.03 (−0.19 to 0.25) | 0.66 (0.38 to 0.93) |
| BMI z-score¶ | −1.08 (0.99) | −0.55 (0.96) | −0.53 (−0.90 to −0.16) | 0.08 (0.83) | 0.18 (1.12) | −0.10 (−0.49 to 0.29) | 1.15 (0.95 to 1.37) | 0.72 (0.43 to 1.01) | 0.44 (0.07 to 0.80) |
| LCI z-score | 0.83 (1.32) | 0.36 (0.85) | 0.47 (0.06 to 0.87) | 1.05 (1.23) | 0.25 (0.95) | 0.80 (0.40 to 1.21) | 0.24 (−0.12 to 0.59) | −0.09 (−0.46 to 0.28) | 0.33 (−0.18 to 0.84) |
| FRCpleth z-score | 0.75 (1.07) | −0.01 (1.08) | 0.77 (0.32 to 1.22) | 0.75 (1.14) | −0.05 (0.96) | 0.80 (0.40 to 1.20) | −0.04 (−0.32 to 0.23) | −0.04 (−0.45 to 0.36) | 0.00 (−0.48 to 0.49) |
| ΔFRC z-scores (pleth − MBW) | 0.59 (0.96) | 0.22 (0.94) | 0.37 (−0.32 to 0.77) | 1.21 (0.86) | 0.46 (0.69) | 0.75 (0.44 to 1.06) | 0.58 (0.26 to 0.89) | 0.30 (−0.09 to 0.68) | 0.28 (−0.21 to 0.77) |
| FVC z-score | −0.50 (1.03) | 0.23 (0.67) | −0.74 (−1.06 to −0.41) | −0.43 (1.16) | 0.23 (0.94) | −0.66 (−1.05 to −0.26) | 0.06 (−0.18 to 0.29) | −0.02 (−0.31 to 0.28) | 0.08 (−0.29 to 0.45) |
| FEV0.5 z-score | −1.23 (1.07) | −0.16 (0.76) | −1.07 (−1.42 to −0.73) | −0.41 (1.03) | 0.12 (0.92) | −0.52 (−0.89 to −0.15) | 0.83 (0.56 to 1.09) | 0.24 (−0.07 to 0.56) | 0.59 (0.18 to 0.99) |
| FEF75 z-score | −0.76 (1.25) | −0.07 (0.96) | −0.69 (−1.11 to −0.27) | −0.09 (0.93) | 0.09 (0.91) | −0.18 (−0.54 to 0.18) | 0.84 (0.48 to 1.19) | 0.20 (−0.17 to 0.58) | 0.63 (0.12 to 1.14) |
Data shown as mean (SD) or mean difference (95% CI) between: *Groups, †Test occasions.
‡Change over time between groups (CF- HC); significant differences (p <at least 0.05) are shown in bold.
§Corrected for gestational age.
¶Calculated according to Cole et al.13
BMI, Body Mass Index; CF, cystic fibrosis; FRCpleth, plethysmographic functional residual capacity; ΔFRC z-scores (pleth − MBW), difference between FRCpleth and FRCMBW z-scores as a measure of gas trapping; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV0.5, forced expired volume in 0.5 s; FEF75, forced expired flow when 75% of FVC has been expired; LCI, Lung Clearance Index; MBW, multiple breath inert gas washout; NBS, newborn screened.