Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the Mannheim Sepsis Study (MaSep)
| Controls | SIRS | Sepsis | Severe sepsis | Septic shock | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 60) | (n = 9) | (n = 5) | (n = 28) | (n = 74) | |
| Age, years (mean, range) | 62 (42 to 87) | 74 (61 to 81) | 66 (50 to 81) | 66 (26 to 87) | 68 (26 to 88) |
| Gender, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 29 (48) | 5 (56) | 4 (80) | 21 (75) | 52 (70) |
| Female | 31 (52) | 4 (44) | 1 (20) | 7 (25) | 22 (30) |
| Site of infection, n (%) | |||||
| Lung | - | - | 5 (100) | 20 (71) | 41 (55) |
| Urinary tract | - | - | - | 3 (11) | 4 (5) |
| Abdominal | - | - | - | 3 (11) | 12 (16) |
| Central nervous system | - | - | - | - | - |
| Skin | - | - | - | 1 (4) | 3 (4) |
| Heart | - | - | - | - | - |
| Neutropenia | - | - | - | - | - |
| Blood | - | - | - | 1 (4) | 7 (10) |
| Others | - | - | - | - | 7 (10) |
| Laboratory values, mean ± SEM | |||||
| White blood cells, 109/L | - | 14.5 ± 1.7 | 19.2 ± 3.1 | 17.4 ± 3.1 | 19.5 ± 1.8 |
| Platelets, 109/L | - | 210 ± 216 | 305 ± 202 | 218 ± 214 | 191 ± 142 |
| Bilirubin, mg/dl | - | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 2.9 ± 0.7 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | - | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 0.2 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | - | 68 ± 16 | 155 ± 28 | 178 ± 24 | 197 ± 12 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/ml | - | 2.0 ± 0.9 | 4.3 ± 2.8 | 6.9 ± 2.0 | 22.2 ± 4 |
| Interleukin 6, pg/ml | - | 335 ± 154 | 142 ± 53 | 1,385 ± 829 | 21,089 ± 15,437 |
| pCO2, mmHg | - | 43 ± 5 | 49 ± 14 | 45 ± 4 | 44 ± 2 |
| Positive blood cultures, n (%) | - | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8 (29) | 25 (34) |
| ICU parameters, mean ± SEM | |||||
| ICU days | - | 10 ± 2 | 8 ± 2 | 10 ± 2 | 15 ± 2 |
| Ventilation days | - | 3 ± 1 | 4 ± 2 | 6 ± 2 | 9 ± 2 |
| Catecholamine days | - | 2 ± 1 | 0 ± 0 | 2 ± 1 | 7 ± 1 |
| Renal replacement therapy days | - | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 1 ± 0.6 | 3 ± 1 |
| APACHE II, mean ± SEM | - | 24 ± 2 | 18 ± 3 | 20 ± 2 | 27 ± 1 |
| SOFA score, mean ± SEM | - | 7.6 ± 1.1 | 6.2 ± 1.8 | 6.1 ± 0.5 | 11.8 ± 0.4 |
| All-cause mortality, n (%) | |||||
| 30 days | |||||
| Death | 0 (0) | 4 (44) | 2 (40) | 10 (36) | 42 (57) |
| Survivor | 60 (100) | 5 (56) | 3 (60) | 18 (64) | 32 (43) |
| 6 months | |||||
| Death | 0 (0) | 4 (44) | 3 (60) | 12 (43) | 53 (72) |
| Survivor | 60 (100) | 5 (56) | 2 (40) | 16 (57) | 21 (28) |
SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; SEM, standard error of the mean; APACHE II, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment.