Table 3.

Diagnostic performance of biomarkers for diagnosis of severe sepsis and septic shock at days 1, 3 and 8 of ICU treatment, analyzed as area under the curve (95% CI)

	Presepsin	Interleukin-6	Procalcitonin	C-reactive protein	White blood cells
Day 1
Septic shock (n = 74)	0.80 (0.73, 0.86)	0.86 (0.80, 0.91)	0.83 (0.77, 0.90)	0.62 (0.49, 0.74)	0.53 (0.41, 0.62)
	P  = 0.0001	P  = 0.0001	P  = 0.0001	P = 0.06	P = 0.7
Day 1: Controls n = 60; SIRS n = 9; sepsis n = 5; severe sepsis n = 28; septic shock n = 74
Day 3
≥ Sepsis (n = 81)	0.84 (0.72, 0.96)	0.81 (0.70, 0.92)	0.69 (0.52, 0.87)	0.69 (0.54, 0.83)	0.73 (0.60, 0.87)
	P  = 0.0001	P  = 0.001	P = 0.03	P = 0.04	P = 0.009
≥ Severe sepsis (n = 67)	0.80 (0.70, 0.91)	0.71 (0.60, 0.81)	0.66 (0.52, 0.80)	0.61 (0.49, 0.74)	0.59 (0.47, 0.72)
	P  = 0.0001	P = 0.003	P = 0.02	P = 0.1	P = 0.2
Septic shock (n = 39)	0.72 (0.61, 0.82)	0.76 (0.66, 0.87)	0.66 (0.55, 0.77)	0.72 (0.62, 0.83)	0.57 (0.45, 0.70)
	P = 0.0001	P  = 0.0001	P = 0.01	P = 0.0001	P = 0.3
Day 3: SIRS n = 15; sepsis n = 14; severe sepsis n = 28; septic shock n = 39
Day 8
≥ Sepsis (n = 48)	0.82 (0.71, 0.93)	0.74 (0.61, 0.87)	0.64 (0.50, 0.78)	0.69 (0.54, 0.84)	0.75 (0.64, 0.87)
	P  = 0.0001	P = 0.001	P = 0.06	P = 0.01	P  = 0.001
≥ Severe sepsis (n = 37)	0.77 (0.65, 0.88)	0.73 (0.61, 0.85)	0.68 (0.55, 0.81)	0.65 (0.51, 0.78)	0.71 (0.58, 0.83)
	P  = 0.0001	P = 0.001	P = 0.01	P = 0.04	P = 0.004
Septic shock (n = 18)	0.79 (0.66, 0.92)	0.69 (0.55, 0.83)	0.78 (0.65, 0.92)	0.67 (0.53, 0.81)	0.68 (0.53, 0.84)
	P  = 0.0001	P = 0.02	P  = 0.001	P = 0.04	P = 0.02
Day 8: SIRS n = 28; sepsis n = 11; severe sepsis n = 19; septic shock n = 18

A minimal area under the curve was set at ≥0.75 (highlighted in bold type). SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.