Fig. 1.

Disease severity of Cucumber mosaic virus inoculated Arabidopsis thaliana lines treated with Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1 (as BGI) or BTH relative to non-treated control plants at 14 days post-inoculation. Columns represent mean values (n = 10). Bars indicate standard errors. Different letters indicate significant difference by Steel-Dwass test at P ≤ 0.05.

Disease severity rating for Arabidopsis plants: 0; no symptoms; 2; mild deformation and mosaic of the youngest two leaves; 4; pronounced leaf deformation and mosaic of the youngest two leaves with progression of symptoms into sequentially older leaves; 6; pronounced leaf deformation and mosaic progressed beyond the two youngest leaves with all leaves expressing some form of cucumber mosaic virus -induced symptoms; 8; similar symptoms as described for a rating of 6 with plants also being stunted in growth (note that this stunting included both reduced internodes extension and smaller leaves);10 ; plants were severely stunted with a majority of leaves being small, severely deformed and tightly bunched together (Ryu et al., 2004).