Table 2.
Measured health behaviors and chronic stress biomarkers during study visits.
| Variable | First month visit 1 | Follow-up visit 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Daily Energy Expenditure (Cal) | 3021 ± 691 | 3111 ± 663 |
| Daily Physical Activity > 3 METS (hr) | 3.8 ± 1.4 | 4.1 ± 1.2 |
| Daily Sleep (hrs) | 6.5 ± 1.1 | 6.7 ± 1.2 |
| Daily Sleep Efficiency (%) | 83.8 ± 4.7 | 85.4 ± 5.4 |
| Caloric Intake, 24-hr (Cal) | 2349 ± 1282 | 2189 ± 871 |
| • Fat Intake, 24-hr (g) | 97.7 ± 57.9 | 81.5 ± 41.9 |
| • Saturated Fat Intake, 24-hr (g) | 36.7 ± 23.4 | 30.8 ± 21.3 |
| • Carbohydrate Intake, 24-hr (g) | 244.2 ± 148.5 | 244.7 ± 116.1 |
| • Sodium Intake, 24-hr (mg) | 4088 ± 1953 | 4287 ± 1523 |
| Urine Cortisol, 24-hr (mcg/dl) | 30.23 ± 14.02 | 29.42 ± 9.20 |
| Urine Epinephrine, 24-hr (mcg/dl) | 8.85 ± 6.01 | 8.46 ± 5.11 |
| Urine Norepinephrine, 24-hr (mcg/dl) | 36.62 ± 16.23 | 35.67 ± 10.04 |
| Serum C-Reactive Protein (mg/dl) | 0.066 ± 0.086 | 0.074 ± 0.077 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD. Data for the screen condition was collected by mail-in questionnaires prior to the start of residency, including estimated daily physical activity that was determined by the Minnesota Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. PSS, perceived stress scale; SAI, state anxiety index; CD-RISC, Connor-Davidson Resiliency Scale abbreviated; METS, metabolic equivalents.