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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Mech A Solids. 2014 November-December;48:38–47. doi: 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2014.04.001

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Temporal evolution of long-axis shortening. During ventricular ejection, the distance between apex and base decreases rapidly as the ventricles shorten by approximately 7mm. During ventricular filling, the long axis gradually returns to its initial length as the heart muscle relaxes.