Table 1.
Patient characteristics, according to postoperative diagnosis of delirium
| All patients (n = 92) | No postoperative delirium (n = 48) | Postoperative delirium (n = 44) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 66 (60.6) | 35 (72.9) | 31 (70.4) | 0.082 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | 27.1 ± 3.9 | 27.1 ± 3.3 | 27.2 ± 4.5 | 0.91 |
| Mean age, (years) | 67.5 ± 8.9 | 64.5 ± 9 | 70.8 ± 7.8 | 0.001 |
| Alcohol abuse, n (%) | 10 (10.9) | 3 (6.2) | 7 (15.9) | 0.14 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 23 (25) | 7 (14.6) | 16 (36.3) | 0.016 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 21 (22.8) | 10 (20.8) | 11 (25) | 0.63 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 89 (96.7) | 46 (95.8) | 43 (97.7) | 0.34 |
| Chronic obstructive lung disease, n (%) | 20 (21.7) | 7 (14.6) | 13 (29.5) | 0.09 |
| Renal insufficiency, n (%) | 13 (14.1) | 5 (10.4) | 8 (18.2) | 0.25 |
| Impaired left ventricular function, EF n (%): normal (≥55%) | 58 (63) | 30 (62.5) | 28 (65.1) | 0.7 |
| Mild (45-54%) | 16 (17.4) | 10 (20.8) | 5 (11.6) | |
| Moderate (36-44%) | 8 (8.7) | 3 (6.3) | 4 (9.3) | |
| Severe (≤35%) | 11 (12.5) | 5 (10.4) | 6 (14) | |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 7 (7.6) | 3 (6.3) | 4 (9.1) | 0.48 |
| Atrial fibrillation preoperative, n (%) | 13 (14.1) | 6 (12.5) | 7 (16.7) | 0.22 |
| Long-term glucocorticoid medication, n (%) | 5 (5.4) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (11.4) | 0.056 |
| Albumin g/l | 43.5 ± 3.4 | 44.4 ± 3.1 | 42.3 ± 3.4 | 0.003 |
| Hemoglobin g/dl | 13.2 ± 1.6 | 13.7 ± 1.5 | 12.7 ± 1.6 | 0.005 |
| Urea mg/dl | 37.9 ± 19.0 | 36.1 ± 13.9 | 40.2 ± 23.5 | 0.33 |
| Mean number of transfused packs of RBC | 3.0 ± 2.3 | 2.2 ± 1.8 | 3.8 ± 2.6 | 0.001 |
| Type of heart surgery (CABG/open heart surgery ± CABG) | 47/45 | 26/22 | 21/23 | 0.54 |
| Mean extracorporeal circulation time (min.) | 112 ± 41.5 | 108 ± 41.4 | 115 ± 42 | 0.37 |
| Postoperative intubation time (hrs) median (IQR [range]) | 13 (10-18 [4-91]) | 11 (9-14 [5–29]) | 18 (14-23[4-91]) | <0.001 |
| Time (days) spent in intensive and intermediate care unit, median (IQR [range]) | 5 (3-6 [2–17]) | 4 (3-5 [2–15]) | 6 (5-8 [2–17]) | <0.001 |
| Time (hrs) spent in intensive care unit, median (IQR [range]) | 23 (20-47 [11-289]) | 21 (19-24 [12-77]) | 46 (23-78[11-289]) | <0.001 |
| Benzodiazepine intake during the night of the sleep study (yes/no) | 22 (25.6) | 12 (27.9) | 10 (25.6) | 0.82 |
(EF, ejection fraction; RBC, red blood cell; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; IQR, interquartile range; data in cells represent absolute values or mean ± standard deviation).