Table 2.
Bivariate relations between patient characteristics and the Patient Activation Measure (PAM)
| N | % | Mean PAM (SD) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 1,845 | 57.4 (14.3) | ||
| Gender | 1,810 | 0.017 | ||
| Male | 856 | 47.3 | 58.1 (14.3) | |
| Female | 954 | 52.7 | 56.5 (14.2) | |
| Age | 1,820 | <0.001 | ||
| 18-54 years | 305 | 16.8 | 59.6 (14.1) | |
| 55-64 years | 512 | 28.1 | 57.8 (14.3) | |
| 65-74 years | 573 | 31.5 | 57.3 (14.3) | |
| 75 years and older | 430 | 23.6 | 55.2 (14.0) | |
| Education level | 1,732 | <0.001 | ||
| Low | 997 | 57.6 | 56.5 (14.2) | |
| Middle | 634 | 36.6 | 58.0 (13.8) | |
| High | 101 | 5.8 | 62.7 (15.6) | |
| Ethnicity | 1,820 | 0.555 | ||
| Dutch | 1,454 | 79.9 | 57.5 (14.5) | |
| Western | 133 | 7.3 | 56.2 (14.0) | |
| Non-Western | 233 | 12.8 | 57.0 (13.4) | |
| Spoken language at home | 1,753 | 0.008 | ||
| Dutch | 1,617 | 92.2 | 57.6 (14.5) | |
| Other | 136 | 7.8 | 54.2 (11.8) | |
| Disease duration | 1,711 | 0.352 | ||
| Less than 12 months | 156 | 9.1 | 56.2 (14.3) | |
| 1 year up to 2 years | 154 | 9.0 | 58.9 (14.9) | |
| 2 years up to 10 years | 906 | 53.0 | 57.2 (14.0) | |
| More than 10 years | 495 | 28.9 | 57.7 (14.7) | |
| General health status | 1,817 | <0.001 | ||
| Poor | 70 | 3.9 | 47.3 (13.5) | |
| Fair | 577 | 31.8 | 53.1 (13.0) | |
| Good | 1,014 | 55.8 | 59.1 (13.9) | |
| Very good | 117 | 6.4 | 65.0 (14.6) | |
| Excellent | 39 | 2.1 | 69.8 (15.7) |
Note. Bold values indicate a p-value < 0.05.