Table 2.
Primary and secondary outcomes by diabetes mellitus status
| Event rate for DM patients | Event rate for non-DM patients | Univariate HR (95% CI) | Multivariate HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcomes | ||||
| All-cause mortality | 478 (29%) | 614 (24.2%) | 1.18 (1.05–1.33) | 1.16 (1.00–1.34) |
| Cardiovascular mortality or HF hospitalization | 745 (46%) | 954 (37.7%) | 1.28 (1.17–1.41) | 1.17 (1.04–1.31) |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| Cardiovascular mortality | 349 (21.8%) | 480 (19.0%) | 1.15 (1.00–1.32) | 1.15 (0.97–1.35) |
| Heart failure death | 246 (9.9%) | 197 (11.9%) | – | – |
| Sudden cardiac death | 167 (6.8%) | 115 (6.9%) | – | – |
| Stroke death | 10 (0.4%) | 14 (0.8%) | – | – |
| Acute MI death | 16 (0.6%) | 12 (0.7%) | – | – |
| Other cardiovascular mortality | 30 (1.2%) | 24 (1.4%) | – | – |
| Cardiovascular mortality/morbidity | 846 (52.9%) | 1117 (44.1%) | 1.24 (1.14–1.36) | 1.14 (1.02–1.27) |
| Clinically worsening HF | 666 (44%) | 829 (32.7%) | 1.32 (1.19–1.46) | 1.17 (1.04–1.32) |
| HF hospitalization | 575 (36%) | 711 (28.1%) | 1.33 (1.19–1.49) | 1.19 (1.05–1.36) |
| MI hospitalization | 29 (1.8%) | 38 (1.5%) | 1.14 (0.69–1.85) | 0.89 (0.47–1.66) |
| Arrhythmia hospitalization | 72 (4.5%) | 120 (4.7%) | 0.91 (0.68–1.21) | 0.76 (0.54–1.06) |
| Stroke hospitalization | 33 (2.1%) | 36 (1.4%) | 1.42 (0.88–2.28) | 1.68 (0.96–2.95) |
Cardiovascular mortality includes any death from cardiac causes (e.g. sudden death, death from HF or MI, stroke, tamponade). Cardiovascular morbidity includes HF hospitalization, non-fatal MI, stroke, arrhythmia, unstable angina, or pulmonary embolism.
CI, confidence interval; DM, diabetes mellitus; HF, heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; MI, myocardial infarction.