Table 2.
Consequences of ribonucleotide misincorporation |
Negative |
Increased mutation rate (2,3,9,22,37,41) |
Increased chromosomal abnormality (10,11,45) |
Replication fork barrier (3,21,22) |
Autoimmune disease in humans (12,49–51) |
Embryonic lethal in mammals (10,11) |
Cancer development? |
Positive |
Nascent strand discrimination to facilitate mismatch repair (4,64,65) |
Mating type switching in S. pombe (56) |
NHEJ pathway with Polμ (58–60) |