Table 3.

Comparison of recent clinical trials of active vaccines and passive antibodies targeting S. aureus disease.

Developer	Vaccine strategy	Target antigen(s)	Target patient(s)	Immunology	Outcome
Nabi	Bivalent polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine	Capsular polysaccharide types 5 and 8	Chronic hemodialysis patients	Robust antibody response; durable for greaterthan year	Phase 3: trended but did not statistically reduce incidence of invasive infection (93)
Inhibitex	Passive antibody (no adjuvant)	Clumping factor A (ClfA)	Established staphylococcemia; neonatal staphylococcemia	Rapid, durable systemic levels of α−ClfA antibody	Phase 3: trended but did not statistically reduce risk of developing invasive infection (111)
Merck	Recombinant protein with or without aluminum hydroxide	Iron surface determinant B (IsdB) siderophore	Cardiothoracic sternotomy patients	Robust antibody response	Phase 2: vaccine potentially associated with serious post-operative complications (89)