. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Jun 6;211(4):418.e1–418.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.06.015

Table 1.

Probabilities and utilities for the A1GDM model

Outcomes	Probabilities	Utilities (maternal, neonatal perspective)	References
Maternal outcomes
Cesarean delivery in women with GDM		0.996, 1	¹⁵
Expectant mgmt (wks of GA: 37, 38, 39, 40)	0.252, 0.252, 0.280, 0.436,		^{6, 9}
After induction (wks of GA: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)	0.229, 0.229, 0.269, 0.361, 0.414		^{6, 9}
Maternal deaths		0
Cesarean	0.000359		⁷
Vaginal	0.000092		⁷
Neonatal outcomes
Macrosomia (birthweight > 4000g) in women with GDM (wks of GA: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)	0.0425, 0.095, 0.158, 0.241, 0.344		^{8, 9}
Shoulder dystocia
In macrosomic infants	0.06		²¹
In non-macrosomic infants	0.009		²¹
Infant deaths from women with GDM (wks of GA: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)	0.00140, 0.00106, 0.00087, 0.00095, 0.00115	0.92, 0	^{10, 17}
IUFD in women with GDM (wks of GA: 37, 38, 39, 40)	0.000462, 0.000529, 0.000562, 0.000632	0.92, 0	^{11, 12, 17}
Cerebral palsy (wks of GA: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)	0.0023, 0.0012, 0.0009, 0.0010, 0.0010	0.733, 0.612	^{13, 16}
Erb's palsy in setting of shoulder dystocia		0.78, 0.87	^{17, 18}
In macrosomic infants	0.0612		¹⁴
In non-macrosomic infants	0.0295		¹⁴

GDM, gestational diabetes; GA, gestational age; IUFD, intrauterine fetal demise