Table 3.

Risk factors included in the WHO Fracture Risk Assessment Model

Clinical risk factors included in the FRAX Tool
Current age	Rheumatoid arthritis
Gender	Secondary causes of osteoporosis: type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes, osteogenesis imperfecta in adults, untreated long-standing hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism or premature menopause (<40 years), chronic malnutrition or malabsorption, and chronic liver disease
A prior osteoporotic fracture (including clinical and asymptomatic vertebral fractures)	Parental history of hip fracture
Femoral neck BMD	Current smoking
Low body mass index (BMI, kg/m2)	Alcohol intake (3 or more drinks/day)
Oral glucocorticoids ≥5 mg/d of prednisone for >3 months (ever)

From: WHO Technical Report [11]