Table 1.
Composition of pretreated biomasses
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Composition (% of dry matter) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abbreviation | Biomass | Origin | Pretreatment method | Pretreatment conditions (time (min)/temperature (°C)) | Glucan | Xylan | Arabinan | Mannan | Galactan | Lignin | Ash |
| PWS |
Wheat straw |
Denmark |
Steam |
14.8 / 195 |
51.0 ±0.4 |
4.1 ±0.2 |
0.0 ±0.0 |
- |
- |
33.0 ±0.3 |
5.1 ±0.1 |
| PSB |
Sugarcane bagasse |
LA, USA |
Steam |
12.0 / 196 |
52.7 ±0.7 |
4.1 ±0.1 |
0.7 ±0.0 |
- |
- |
31.0 ±0.8 |
7.4 ±0.6 |
| EFB |
Empty fruit bunches |
Malaysia |
Steam |
13.0 / 199 |
43.5 ±0.8 |
4.9 ±0.2 |
0.0 ±0.0 |
- |
- |
37.6 ±0.8 |
3.5 ±0.3 |
| PCS |
Corn stover |
MN, USA |
Steam |
17.4/195 |
44.1 ±2.7 |
3.2 ±0.6 |
0.1 ±0.0 |
- |
- |
28.1 ±1.4 |
15.2 ±0.5 |
| HWS |
Wheat straw |
Denmark |
H2SO4 impregnation, steam |
12.0/180 |
49.4 ± 0.9 |
4.5 ±0.2 |
1.0 ±0.2 |
- |
- |
33.3 ±0.6 |
5.4 ±0.2 |
| SES |
Spruce |
Sweden |
Steam explosion |
5 to 7/210 to 215 + 2% to 3% SO2 |
38.5 ±0.3 |
2.3 ±0.2 |
0.4 ±0.0 |
3.5 ± 0.2 |
0.5 ± 0.1 |
50.6 ±1.5 |
1.0 ±0.3 |
| OWS1 |
Wheat straw |
Denmark |
Organosolv |
60/200 + 1% H2SO4 |
63.5 ±0.6 |
8.3 ±0.1 |
0.1 ±0.0 |
- |
- |
13.1 ±0.3 |
4.8 ±0.1 |
| OWS2 | Wheat straw | Denmark | Organosolv | 60/200 + 1% H2SO4 | 60.7 ±1.1 | 7.2 ±0.0 | 0.1 ±0.0 | - | - | 20.6 ±0.4 | 3.0 ±0.1 |
The composition (in % of dry matter) of the pretreated biomasses is measured according to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory procedure for structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass. [47].