Table 1.

Comparison of the acetoin production using different biocatalysts and fermentative strains

	Substrate	Concentration (g/L)	Productivity (g/L · h)	Yield (mol/mol)	Reference
Biocatalyst
Escherichia coli expressing glycerol dehydrogenase	Mixture of meso-2,3-butanediol and (2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol	8.4	0.35	0.86	[20]
Escherichia coli strain coexpressed (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase and NADH oxidase	Meso-2,3-butanediol	36.7	3.06	0.85	[21]
Escherichia coli expressed diacetyl reductase	Diacetyl and glucose	13.5	2.25	0.91	[40]
Purified NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase and glucose dehydrogenase	Diacetyl and glucose	12.2	9.76	0.85	[41]
Fermentative strain
Serratia marcescens H32 expressed NADH oxidase	Sucrose	75.2	1.88	0.78	[16]
Klebsiella pneumoniae expressed NADH oxidase	Glucose	25.9	0.32	0.16	[18]
Geobacillus strain XT15	Glucose	7.7	0.16	0.24	[17]
Bacillus licheniformis MEL09	Glucose	41.3	1.15	0.84	[42]
Bacillus subtilis JNA310	Glucose	42.2	0.32	0.57	[43]
Bacillus subtilis moderately expressed the transcriptional regulator AlsR	Glucose	41.5	0.43	0.71	[44]
Bacillus subtilis JNA-UD-6	Glucose	53.9	0.37	0.74	[45]
Klebsiella oxytoca M1	Glucose	27.4	0.57	0.78	[46]
Bacillus subtilis CICC10025	Glucose	35.4	0.63	0.83	[47]
Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2003	Mixture of meso-2,3-butanediol, (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol, and (2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol	89.2	1.24	0.91	This study