Table 3.

Risk of obstetric complications by demographic and pregnancy-related factors

Variable	Cases (N = 294)		Controls (N = 289)		OR (95% CI)*	p-value
Age	N	%	N	%
< 18 yrs	12	4.1	18	6.3	0.59 (0.25,1.40)	0.228
19-24 yrs	100	33.9	95	33.0	1.58 (0.72,3.45)	0.253
25-29 yrs	115	39.0	107	37.2	1.61 (0.74,3.50)	0.228
30 yrs and over	67	22.7	69	24.0	1.45 (0.65,3.26)	0.359
Number of pregnancies and miscarriages
1	62	21.1	64	22.2	0.97 (0.64,1.48)	0.887
2	75	25.4	75	26.0	1.03 (0.64,1.66)	0.895
3	50	16.9	42	14.6	1.23 (0.72,2.11)	0.453
4	82	27.8	82	28.5	1.03 (0.59,1.79)	0.910
>4	25	8.5	27	9.4	1.00 (0.62,1.63)	0.995
Marital status
Unmarried/single	28	9.5	28	9.7	0.96 (0.55,1.66)	0.878
Married	259	87.8	248	86.1	0.76 (0.46, 1.24)	0.266
Divorced/separated/widowed	7	2.4	14	4.8	0.48 (0.19,1.21)	0.118
Highest level of schooling
No education	38	12.9	38	13.2	1.09 (0.63,1.88)	0.755
Primary incomplete	76	25.8	84	29.2	0.76 (0.46, 1.24)	0.266
Primary complete	57	19.3	71	24.7	0.88 (0.55,1.40)	0.577
Secondary incomplete	53	18.0	49	17.0	1.18 (0.72,1.94)	0.514
Secondary complete	41	13.9	35	12.2	1.28 (0.74,2.21)	0.379
Tertiary (complete)	27	9.2	13	4.5	2.27 (1.09,4.70)	0.028
Religion
Catholic	79	26.8	77	26.7	1.06 (0.73,1.54)	0.747
Protestant/other Christian	195	66.1	202	70.1	0.63 (0.44, 0.91)	0.014
Muslim	11	3.7	4	1.4	2.85 (0.89,9.10)	0.077
No religion	7	2.4	4	1.4	1.81 (0.52,6.29)	0.349
Main occupation
Self employed	67	22.7	42	14.6	1.69 (1.08, 2.65)	0.023
Farming/agriculture	138	46.8	146	50.7	0.71 (0.51, 1.02)	0.060
Skilled labour	21	7.1	28	9.7	0.79 (0.43,1.46)	0.459
Unskilled labour	25	8.5	33	11.5	0.80 (0.45,1.42)	0.446
Professionals e.g. teacher	27	9.2	17	5.9	1.68 (0.88,3.32)	0.118
Other	14	4.7	21	7.3	0.71 (0.34,1.44)	0.339
Type of wall material
Mud/Earth	228	77.8	240	83.0	0.57 (0.37,0.87)	0.08
Bricks	57	19.5	41	14.2	1.81 (1.16,2.83)	0.08
Blocks/wood/stones	8	2.7	8	2.7	1.51 (0.52,4.44)	0.445

*This is crude odds ratio (non-adjusted).