Table 2.
Patient characteristics based on performance-based and self-report–based definitions of frailty.
| Variable | Not frail (n=321) | Self-report only (n=178) | Performance only (n=23) | Performance and self-report (n=209) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 53.8 ± 14.4 | 57.6 ± 12.1 | 51.6 ± 15.8 | 62.9 ± 13.0 | <0.001 |
| Female Sex | 33.3 | 48.3 | 30.4 | 49.0 | <0.001 |
| Black Race | 61.7 | 68.0 | 69.6 | 56.7 | 0.4 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 36.5 | 50.3 | 54.5 | 62.9 | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 17.3 | 16.7 | 9.1 | 27.2 | 0.01 |
| CAD | 7.8 | 8.0 | 0 | 12.4 | 0.1 |
| Hypertension | 89.6 | 93.1 | 87.0 | 87.8 | 0.4 |
| Dialysis vintage (y) | 3.7 [1.7–8.3] | 3.3 [1.5–6.0] | 2.3 [1.0–5.7] | 2.8 [1.2–5.6] | 0.007 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 3.9 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 8.8 ± 2.9 | 8.5 ± 2.7 | 9.1 ± 2.8 | 7.4 ± 2.3 | <0.001 |
| Prealbumin (mg/dL) | 31.2 ± 7.4 | 30.2 ± 7.0 | 28.4 ± 7.9 | 27.4 ± 7.6 | <0.001 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.1 [1.2–8.0] | 3.8 [1.7–8.9] | 6.9 [2.8–19.9] | 5.1 [1.5–13.0] | 0.005 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.4 ± 6.3 | 29.4 ± 7.4 | 28.0 ± 5.0 | 30.0 ± 8.0 | 0.3 |
| Body fat (%) | 28.5 ± 9.9 | 30.5 ± 9.8 | 25.2 ± 10.5 | 32.1 ± 11.3 | <0.001 |
| ICW/kg body weight | 0.28 ± 0.04 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.26 ± 0.04 | <0.001 |
| Physical Function score | 85 [65–95] | 40 [30–55] | 85 [75–90) | 25 [6–45] | <0.001 |
| Gait speed (m/s) | 1.0 [0.9–1.2] | 0.9 [0.8–1.0] | 0.8 [0.6–1.1] | 0.6 [0–0.8] | <0.001 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 29.5 ± 11.0 | 27.5 ± 10.9 | 25.5 ± 8.3 | 20.9 ± 8.7 | <0.001 |
| ADL disability | 7.5 | 15.2 | 8.7 | 39.7 | <0.001 |
Note: Values for categorical variables are given as percentages; values for continuous variables are given as mean ± standard deviation or median [interquartile range]. Conversion factor for serum creatinine in mg/dL to μmol/L, ×88.4.
Abbreviations: ADL, activity of daily living; CAD, coronary artery disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; BMI, body mass index; ICW, intracellular water.