Table 4.
Comparison of Risk Factors for BRVO and CRVO
| Risk Factor | Adjusted HR for BRVO [95% Confidence Intervals], p-value |
Adjusted HR for CRVO [95% Confidence Intervals], p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Artery Compressing Vein (Arteriosclerosis) | ||
| Cerebrovascular Accident | 1.34 [1.18-1.51], <0.0001 | 1.45 [1.24-1.70], <0.0001 |
| Myocardial Infarction | 1.00 [0.85-1.18], 0.98 | 0.73 [0.57-0.92], 0.01 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 1.07 [0.94-1.21], 0.31 | 0.98 [0.83-1.15], 0.79 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | ||
| Only HTN | 1.78 [1.36-2.32], <0.0001 | 1.65 [1.13-2.41], 0.01 |
| Only DM | 1.49 [0.74-2.971], 0.26 | 0.95 [0.29-3.08], 0.93 |
| Only CHOL | 0.95 [0.71-1.27], 0.71 | 1.03 [0.68-1.54], 0.90 |
| DM + HTN | 1.63 [1.16-2.31], 0.0006 | 1.83 [1.16-2.90], 0.01 |
| CHOL + HTN | 1.36 [1.07-1.73], 0.01 | 1.45 [1.04-2.04], 0.03 |
| DM + CHOL | 1.37 [0.90-2.10], 0.15 | 1.52 [0.86-2.71], 0.15 |
| DM + CHOL + HTN | 1.44 [1.12-1.84], 0.005 | 1.57 [1.11-2.23], 0.01 |
| Endothelial Damage | ||
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 1.02 [0.91-1.13], 0.80 | 1.16 [1.00-1.34], 0.04 |
| Hypercoagulable State | ||
| DVT/PE | 0.98 [0.71-1.35], 0.91 | 0.86[0.55-1.34], 0.50 |
| Hypercoagulable State | 1.43 [0.84-2.44], 0.19 | 2.46 [1.41-4.29], 0.002 |
| Oral Anticoagulation | 1.11 [0.98-1.25], 0.10 | 1.04 [0.89-1.22], 0.63 |
| Cancer | 0.88 [0.77-1.00], 0.06 | 0.95 [0.80-1.13], 0.59 |
Abbreviations: BRVO, branch retinal vein occlusion; CRVO, central retinal vein occlusion; HTN, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; CHOL, dyslipidemia; DVT/PE, deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism; HR = hazard ratio
Bold indicates statistically significant at p< 0.05
Models were run with the same covariates as follows: age (as the time axis), race, sex, education, household net worth, region of the country, glaucoma, ocular hypertension, exfoliation syndrome, cataract, pseudophakia, macular degeneration, obstructive sleep apnea, dementia, mood changes, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, cancer, hypercoagulable state, the use of oral anti-coagulation medications, deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism, migraine, metabolic syndrome (includes hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia alone and in combination), and the Charlson Comorbidity Index. Models were run using the same inclusion/exclusion criteria except that non-incident cases of CRVO were excluded in the CRVO analysis1 and non-incident cases of BRVO were excluded from the BRVO analysis.