Table 1.

Characteristics of the three US population-based case-control studies.

Study name	Study location	Case selection	Control selection	Case/control matching criteria	Start year of first job range	Job inclusion criteria	Module assignment and completion criteriaa	Reference
New England Bladder Cancer Study (NEBCS)	ME, NH, VT	Diagnosed 2001–2004; 30–79 years old at diagnosis	Department of Motor Vehicle records and Medicare files	State; age within 5 years; gender	1938–1999	Job held at least 6 months from age 16	Job worked at least 1000 hours assigned module; up to 5 total and 3 of the same modules completed per subject	[17]
US Kidney Cancer Study (USKCS)	Chicago, IL, Detroit, MI	Diagnosed 2002–2007; 20–79 years old at diagnosis	Department of Motor Vehicle records and Medicare files	Study center; age within 5 years; gender; race	1939–2002	Job held at least 12 months from age 16	Job worked at least 3500 hours assigned module; up to 5 total and 3 of the same modules completed per subject	[18]
National Cancer Institute-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results Study of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NCI-SEER NHL)	Los Angeles County, CA; Seattle, WA; Detroit, MI, IA	Diagnosed 1998–2000; 20–74 years old at diagnosis	Random digit dialing and Medicare files	Study center; age within 5 years; gender; race	1946–1999	Job held after 1945 for at least 12 months from age 16	Up to 5 modules completed per subject	[19]

^aSubjects were assigned modules based on study-specific jobs, industries and exposures of interest. Limits were placed on the total number of modules to be completed by each subject to reduce subject burden during the interview process.