Table 1. Mechanisms of CDC strips involved single or multiple risk factors (RFs).

E (e)SEED-BasED	lifestyles	Main RFs
E (e)	Environment	WAS pollutions, irradiation, lower income and social status, self-diseases: such as acute or chronic infection, etc.
S	Sleeping	Insomnia, stay up later; OSA, etc.
E	Emotion	Stress, depression, etc.
E	Exercise	Physical inactivity, setting for a long time, overweight, obese, etc.
D	Diet	Unhealthy diet, active or passive smoking, dead drunk, poor nutrition, reuse of cooking oil, salt intake (>6 g/day), etc.
B	Behavior	Drug addiction, gambling, overflow sexual life, etc.
/a	Age (38,39)	Age, aged, no healthcare, etc.
/s	Safety	Unexpected events: traffic crash, drown, electric shock, fall, etc.
	Sex (39)	Male or female, divorced, bereft of one’s spouse, lonely, etc.
	Study	Not study, not thinking, lack of medical knowledge, etc.
E	Education (40)	Lower education, lack of knowledge, etc.
	Employment	Unemployed, high risk occupation (e.g., IT, account), etc.
	Ethnic	The Black, epidemic region, etc.
D	Disease	A positive family history, such as AS; hypertension; CHD; DM, etc.
		Abnormal index, such as GFR (41); ABI (42); CIMT (43,44), etc.
		Precancerous pathogenesis (45), etc.
	Drug	Adverse drug effects, no herbs, no Traditional Chinese medicine, etc.

All of these RFs, standard, common, classic, single or multiple modifiable (lifestyle related) or non-modifiable (genetic), confer significant risk for developing CVD, DM, cancer, even CDC strips. General or specific RFs screening recommendations for CDC strips are outlined. In addition, E(e)SEED-BasED, healthy lifestyles were named for Hu’s healthy lifestyles (HHL). WAS, water-air-sound; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; AS, ankylosing spondylitis; CHD, coronary heart disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; ABI, ankle brachial index; CIMT, carotid intima media thickness; CVD, cardiovascular disorder.